Subvert Trust Controls: Mark-of-the-Web Bypass T1553.005

Tactic: Defense Impairment

Adversaries may abuse specific file formats to subvert Mark-of-the-Web (MOTW) controls. In Windows, when files are downloaded from the Internet, they are tagged with a hidden NTFS Alternate Data Stream (ADS) named Zone.Identifier with a specific value known as the MOTW. Files that are tagged with MOTW are protected and cannot perform certain actions. For example, starting in MS Office 10, if a MS Office file has the MOTW, it will open in Protected View. Executables tagged with the MOTW will be processed by Windows Defender SmartScreen that compares files with an allowlist of well-known executables. If the file is not known/trusted, SmartScreen will prevent the execution and warn the user not to run it.

Events covered

9 catalog events are tagged with this technique by at least one rule.

Authoring guide

Patterns shared across the 13 rules above: which fields they filter on, what specific values they look for, and what they exclude. The catalog normalizes field names across vendors so Sigma's Image, Elastic's process.name, and Splunk's process_name collapse into one row. Each rule contributes at most once per row.

Fields filtered most (10 distinct)

The fields most rules look at when detecting this technique. The How column shows the operators authors use (eq, wildcard, regex_match, match) and how often each appears. Sample values are concrete examples to start from, not an exhaustive list.

FieldRulesHowSample values
EventID6eq 623, 400, 4103, 4104, 4663
ScriptBlockText3contains 3-imagepath , ):\, -path , .driveletter, mount-diskimage
Flags2eq 28388608
HasFullTrust2eq 2true
Image2ends_with 1, in 1*\\ai_stubs\\aistubx64.exe, *\\ai_stubs\\aistubx64elevated.exe, *\\ai_stubs\\aistubx86.exe, \ai_stubs\aistubx64.exe, \ai_stubs\aistubx64elevated.exe
OriginalFileName2eq 2popupwrapper.exe
TargetFilename2ends_with 1, match 1(?i)\x5cdevice\x5ccdrom, :zone.identifier
CallingProcess1starts_with 1svchost.exe,AppReadiness, sysprep.exe
PackageFullName1starts_with 1MicrosoftWindows.Client.
PackageSourceUri1contains 1, starts_with 1.cdn.microsoft.com, .cdn.office.net/, file:///C:/Program%20Files%20(x86)/

Top indicator values (37 distinct)

Specific (field, operator, value) combinations the rules check for, ranked by how many rules under this technique use each one. The Corpus reach column counts how many rules across the entire catalog (any technique) check the same combination. High numbers point to widely-used indicators that are likely noisy on their own; combine them with another condition for useful signal. Blank means the combination is specific to rules under this technique. Click a value to expand the rules under this technique that use it.

FieldKindValueRules (here)Corpus reach
Flagseq
8388608
22
HasFullTrusteq
true
22
OriginalFileNameeq
popupwrapper.exe
22
ScriptBlockTextcontains
-imagepath
22
ScriptBlockTextcontains
mount-diskimage
22
ScriptBlockTextcontains
):\
1
CallingProcessstarts_with
svchost.exe,AppReadiness
1
CallingProcessstarts_with
sysprep.exe
1
EventIDeq
23
14
EventIDeq
400
1
EventIDeq
4103
1105
EventIDeq
4104
1268
EventIDeq
4663
134
EventIDeq
603
1
EventIDeq
855
1
Imageends_with
\ai_stubs\aistubx64.exe
1
Imageends_with
\ai_stubs\aistubx64elevated.exe
1
Imageends_with
\ai_stubs\aistubx86.exe
1
Imageends_with
\ai_stubs\aistubx86elevated.exe
1
Imagein
*\\ai_stubs\\aistubx64.exe
1
Imagein
*\\ai_stubs\\aistubx64elevated.exe
1
Imagein
*\\ai_stubs\\aistubx86.exe
1
Imagein
*\\ai_stubs\\aistubx86elevated.exe
1
PackageFullNamestarts_with
MicrosoftWindows.Client.
1
PackageSourceUricontains
.cdn.microsoft.com
1
PackageSourceUricontains
.cdn.office.net/
1
PackageSourceUristarts_with
file:///C:/Program%20Files%20(x86)/
1
PackageSourceUristarts_with
file:///C:/Program%20Files/
1
PackageSourceUristarts_with
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid
1
PackageSourceUristarts_with
x-windowsupdate://
1

Exclusions (12 distinct)

Field/operator/value combinations excluded by rules under this technique (top-level not() clauses), sorted by how many rules exclude each. These are the false-positive paths the community has learned to filter out. A new rule that ignores the high-count entries here will likely fire on the same noisy paths. Click a value to expand the rules under this technique that exclude it.

FieldKindValueRules excluding
CallingProcessstarts_with
svchost.exe,AppReadiness
1
CallingProcessstarts_with
sysprep.exe
1
PackageFullNamestarts_with
MicrosoftWindows.Client.
1
PackageMonikerin
*8wekyb3d8bbwe*
1
PackageMonikerin
*cw5n1h2txyewy*
1
PackageSourceUricontains
.cdn.microsoft.com
1
PackageSourceUricontains
.cdn.office.net/
1
PackageSourceUristarts_with
file:///C:/Program%20Files%20(x86)/
1
PackageSourceUristarts_with
file:///C:/Program%20Files/
1
PackageSourceUristarts_with
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid
1
PackageSourceUristarts_with
x-windowsupdate://
1
TargetFilenamecontains
\x5cdevice\x5ccdrom0\x5csetup\.exe
1

Rules under this technique

Every rule in the catalog tagged with this technique, grouped by vendor. Click a rule title for its full predicates, exclusions, and indicators.

Platform (all)
Domain (all)

Sigma 6 rules

Splunk 7 rules