Dynamic Resolution: Domain Generation Algorithms T1568.002

Tactic: Command & Control

Adversaries may make use of Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to dynamically identify a destination domain for command and control traffic rather than relying on a list of static IP addresses or domains. This has the advantage of making it much harder for defenders to block, track, or take over the command and control channel, as there potentially could be thousands of domains that malware can check for instructions.

Events covered

2 catalog events are tagged with this technique by at least one rule.

Authoring guide

Patterns shared across the 14 rules above: which fields they filter on, what specific values they look for, and what they exclude. The catalog normalizes field names across vendors so Sigma's Image, Elastic's process.name, and Splunk's process_name collapse into one row. Each rule contributes at most once per row.

Fields filtered most (24 distinct)

The fields most rules look at when detecting this technique. The How column shows the operators authors use (eq, wildcard, regex_match, match) and how often each appears. Sample values are concrete examples to start from, not an exhaustive list.

FieldRulesHowSample values
DestinationHostname4contains 2, regex_match 2tunnel.ap.ngrok.com, tunnel.au.ngrok.com, tunnel.eu.ngrok.com, [a-z]{3}.stage.[0-9]{8}\..*, [a-za-z]{4,5}\.(pw|us|club|info|site|top)
DestinationPortName3in 2, eq 1http, tls
data_stream.dataset3in 3network_traffic.http, network_traffic.tls
event.category3in 3network, network_traffic
Protocol2eq 2tcp
dns.question.name2is_not_null 2, wildcard 2*.2miners.com, *.4shared.com, *.antpool.com, *.blob.core.windows.net, *.blob.storage.azure.net
ml_is_dga.malicious_prediction2eq 21
process_name2is_not_null 2
Action1eq 1Deny
AlertTimeSrcIpDenyRateCount1gt 1LearningThreshold
DestinationPort1in 1443, 53, 80
EventID1regex_match 1DGADomainRequest
Fqdn1is_not_null 1
LearningTimeBuckets1gt 15
OperationName1eq 1AzureFirewallApplicationRuleLog, AzureFirewallNetworkRuleLog

Top indicator values (275 distinct)

Specific (field, operator, value) combinations the rules check for, ranked by how many rules under this technique use each one. The Corpus reach column counts how many rules across the entire catalog (any technique) check the same combination. High numbers point to widely-used indicators that are likely noisy on their own; combine them with another condition for useful signal. Blank means the combination is specific to rules under this technique. Click a value to expand the rules under this technique that use it.

FieldKindValueRules (here)Corpus reach
data_stream.datasetin
network_traffic.http
34
data_stream.datasetin
network_traffic.tls
34
event.categoryin
network
315
event.categoryin
network_traffic
315
DestinationHostnamecontains
tunnel.ap.ngrok.com
22
DestinationHostnamecontains
tunnel.au.ngrok.com
22
DestinationHostnamecontains
tunnel.eu.ngrok.com
22
DestinationHostnamecontains
tunnel.in.ngrok.com
22
DestinationHostnamecontains
tunnel.jp.ngrok.com
22
DestinationHostnamecontains
tunnel.sa.ngrok.com
22
DestinationHostnamecontains
tunnel.us.ngrok.com
22
DestinationPortNamein
http
22
DestinationPortNamein
tls
22
Protocoleq
tcp
218
dns.question.namewildcard
*.blob.core.windows.net
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.blob.storage.azure.net
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.blogspot.com
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.cloud.es.io
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.devtunnels.ms
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.elastic-cloud.com
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.ngrok.io
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.onedrive.org
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.portmap.*
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.publicvm.com
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.sharepoint.com
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.supabase.co
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*.zulipchat.com
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*files.1drv.com
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*googleapis.com
22
dns.question.namewildcard
*hosting-profi.de
22

Exclusions (87 distinct)

Field/operator/value combinations excluded by rules under this technique (top-level not() clauses), sorted by how many rules exclude each. These are the false-positive paths the community has learned to filter out. A new rule that ignores the high-count entries here will likely fire on the same noisy paths. Click a value to expand the rules under this technique that exclude it.

FieldKindValueRules excluding
DestinationHostnameeq
zoom.us
1
Imagewildcard
/opt/elastic/agent/data/elastic-agent-*/components/elastic-otel-collector
1
Imagewildcard
/opt/google-cloud-ops-agent/subagents/fluent-bit/bin/fluent-bit
1
Imagewildcard
/opt/google-cloud-ops-agent/subagents/opentelemetry-collector/otelopscol
1
Imagewildcard
/opt/google/chrome/chrome
1
Imagewildcard
/snap/chromium/*/usr/lib/chromium-browser/chrome
1
Imagewildcard
/snap/firefox/*/usr/lib/firefox/firefox
1
Imagewildcard
/usr/bin/dockerd
1
Imagewildcard
/usr/bin/google_osconfig_agent
1
Imagewildcard
/usr/bin/pihole-ftl
1
Imagewildcard
/usr/bin/warp-svc
1
Imagewildcard
/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-resolved
1
Imagewildcard
/usr/local/bin/rclone
1
Imagewildcard
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/*/merged/usr/local/bin/node
1
Imagewildcard
/var/lib/elastic-agent/data/elastic-agent-*/components/elastic-otel-collector
1

Rules under this technique

Every rule in the catalog tagged with this technique, grouped by vendor. Click a rule title for its full predicates, exclusions, and indicators.

Platform (all)
Domain (all)

Sigma 3 rules

Elastic 9 rules

Kusto 1 rule

YARA-L 1 rule