Encrypted Channel T1573

Tactic: Command & Control

Adversaries may employ an encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.

Events covered

5 catalog events are tagged with this technique by at least one rule.

Authoring guide

Patterns shared across the 25 rules above: which fields they filter on, what specific values they look for, and what they exclude. The catalog normalizes field names across vendors so Sigma's Image, Elastic's process.name, and Splunk's process_name collapse into one row. Each rule contributes at most once per row.

Fields filtered most (51 distinct)

The fields most rules look at when detecting this technique. The How column shows the operators authors use (eq, wildcard, regex_match, match) and how often each appears. Sample values are concrete examples to start from, not an exhaustive list.

FieldRulesHowSample values
EventType8eq 7, in 1IntrusionEvent, *, ConnectionEvent, exec, exec_event
sourcetype6eq 6cisco:sfw:estreamer, zeek:x509:json
Image3ends_with 2, wildcard 1\curl.exe, \searchfilterhost.exe, \searchprotocolhost.exe, \sndvol.exe, c:\windows\explorer.exe
aws::eventName3eq 3Activity from anonymous IP addresses, Activity from infrequent country, Activity from suspicious IP addresses
aws::eventSource3eq 3SecurityComplianceCenter
status3eq 3success
CommandLine2contains 2-encodedcommand, .onion, socks4a://, socks5://
Protocol2eq 2tcp, udp
data_stream.dataset2eq 2network_traffic.flow, network_traffic.tls
event.category2in 2network, network_traffic
p_enrichment.tor_exit_nodes2is_not_null 2
signature_id2in 262709, 62710, 62711, 62712, 64167
DestinationPort1eq 14500
DestinationPortName1eq 1dns
DstPortNumber1in 1443, 80

Top indicator values (134 distinct)

Specific (field, operator, value) combinations the rules check for, ranked by how many rules under this technique use each one. The Corpus reach column counts how many rules across the entire catalog (any technique) check the same combination. High numbers point to widely-used indicators that are likely noisy on their own; combine them with another condition for useful signal. Blank means the combination is specific to rules under this technique. Click a value to expand the rules under this technique that use it.

FieldKindValueRules (here)Corpus reach
sourcetypeeq
cisco:sfw:estreamer
532
EventTypeeq
IntrusionEvent
318
aws::eventSourceeq
SecurityComplianceCenter
314
statuseq
success
319
event.categoryin
network
215
event.categoryin
network_traffic
215
CommandLinecontains
-encodedcommand
13
CommandLinecontains
.onion
1
CommandLinecontains
socks4a://
1
CommandLinecontains
socks5://
1
CommandLinecontains
socks5h://
1
DestinationPorteq
4500
1
DestinationPortNameeq
dns
15
DstPortNumberin
443
12
DstPortNumberin
80
1
DvcActioneq
Allowed
18
EVE_ThreatConfidencePctge
80
1
EfectiveCommandregex_match
regexEmpire
1
EventCategoryeq
firewall
17
EventDatacontains
-encodedcommand
1
EventDatacontains
powershell.exe
1
EventDatacontains
powershell_ise.exe
1
EventDatacontains
pwsh.exe
1
EventIDeq
4688
1313
EventResultDetailsin
NXDOMAIN
13
EventResultDetailsin
REFUSED
13
EventResultDetailsin
SERVFAIL
13
EventResultDetails_sin
NXDOMAIN
1
EventResultDetails_sin
REFUSED
1
EventResultDetails_sin
SERVFAIL
1

Exclusions (10 distinct)

Field/operator/value combinations excluded by rules under this technique (top-level not() clauses), sorted by how many rules exclude each. These are the false-positive paths the community has learned to filter out. A new rule that ignores the high-count entries here will likely fire on the same noisy paths. Click a value to expand the rules under this technique that exclude it.

FieldKindValueRules excluding
EventDatacontains
gc_service.exe
1
EventDatacontains
gc_worker.exe
1
ParentImagecontains
gc_service.exe
1
ParentImagecontains
gc_worker.exe
1
ParentImagein
/etc/zabbix/scripts/check_dane_tlsa.sh
1
ParentImagein
/opt/antidot-svc/nrpe/plugins/check_cert
1
ParentImagein
/pro/xymon/client/ext/awsxymoncheck.sh
1
process_namewildcard
microsoftedge*.exe
1
process_namewildcard
msedge.exe
1
process_namewildcard
svchost.exe
1

Rules under this technique

Every rule in the catalog tagged with this technique, grouped by vendor. Click a rule title for its full predicates, exclusions, and indicators.

Platform (all)
Domain (all)

Sigma 6 rules

Elastic 4 rules

Splunk 7 rules

Kusto 6 rules

Panther 2 rules