Exchange mailbox activities (per-item)
| Operation | Description | Sample | Rule |
|---|---|---|---|
| any | Catch-all for M365-ExchangeItem rules matching the RecordType but no specific Operation. | N | Y |
| Add-Mailbox | A permission entry was added to a mailbox folder (UAL operation AddFolderPermissions), granting a delegate access to a specific folder. | N | Y |
| Add-Mailbox | FullAccess (delegate) mailbox permission was granted, allowing another user to access the mailbox; logged as a mailbox activity even when an admin performs it. | N | Y |
| Add | Permissions were added to a mailbox folder, granting another user access to the folder's contents. | Y | Y |
| Create | Create activity in Exchange mailbox, recorded in the Unified Audit Log (observed in first-party capture). | Y | N |
| Hard | A mailbox item was permanently deleted (hard-deleted) and is not recoverable from the Deleted Items folder. | N | Y |
| Mailbox | A sign-in to a mailbox was recorded by Exchange mailbox auditing. | Y | N |
| Modify | Permissions on a mailbox folder were modified, changing who can access the folder's contents. | Y | Y |
| Move | A mailbox item was moved to the Deleted Items folder. | N | Y |
| Send | The mailbox user sent, replied to, or forwarded an email message (mailbox Send action). | Y | Y |
| Send | A message was sent using the SendAs permission, sending as though it came from the mailbox owner; a common impersonation technique. | Y | Y |
| Send | A message was sent using the SendOnBehalf permission, sending on behalf of the mailbox owner. | N | Y |
| Soft | A mailbox item was soft-deleted (moved to the Recoverable Items / Deleted Items dumpster and recoverable by the user). | N | Y |
| Update | Update activity in Exchange mailbox, recorded in the Unified Audit Log (observed in first-party capture). | Y | N |
| Update | An inbox rule was added, removed, or changed; inbox rules process Inbox messages by condition and are commonly abused for auto-forwarding or evidence deletion. | Y | Y |
any: Exchange mailbox activities (per-item) (catch-all)
#Description
Catch-all for M365-ExchangeItem rules matching the RecordType but no specific Operation.
Common Indicators #
Field/value combinations most frequently checked by detection rules targeting this event, derived from cross-vendor predicate analysis.
| Field | Kind | Value | Rules | Vendors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\recoverable items\\deletions | 2 rules | splunk |
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\sent items | 2 rules | splunk |
Status (splunk rule field) | eq | delivered | 1 rule | splunk |
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Splunk #
T1070, T1070.008, T1114, T1114.001, T1485↳ also matches HardDelete T1070, T1070.008, T1114, T1114.001, T1485↳ also matches HardDelete, Send, SendAs, SendOnBehalf, SoftDelete
References #
Add-MailboxFolderPermission
#Description
A permission entry was added to a mailbox folder (UAL operation AddFolderPermissions), granting a delegate access to a specific folder.
Common Indicators #
Field/value combinations most frequently checked by detection rules targeting this event, derived from cross-vendor predicate analysis.
| Field | Kind | Value | Rules | Vendors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
isReadRole (splunk rule field) | eq | true | 1 rule | splunk |
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Splunk #
o365_management_activity data source for the…T1098, T1098.002Kusto #
T1078, T1098, T1114↳ also matches Add-MailboxPermission T1098, T1114↳ also matches Add-MailboxPermission
References #
Add-MailboxPermission
#Description
FullAccess (delegate) mailbox permission was granted, allowing another user to access the mailbox; logged as a mailbox activity even when an admin performs it.
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Elastic #
T1098, T1098.002Splunk #
T1098, T1098.002Kusto #
T1078, T1098, T1114↳ also matches Add-MailboxFolderPermission T1078, T1548T1098, T1114↳ also matches Add-MailboxFolderPermission
References #
AddFolderPermissions
#Description
Permissions were added to a mailbox folder, granting another user access to the folder's contents.
Example Audit Record #
{
"ClientIP": "::1",
"ClientIPAddress": "::1",
"ClientInfoString": "Client=WebServices;Action=ConfigureGroupMailbox",
"CreationTime": "2026-07-04T16:14:07Z",
"ExternalAccess": true,
"Id": "a13c7c20-7e3e-4b97-60c5-08ded9e74629",
"InternalLogonType": 1,
"Item": {
"Id": "LgAAAABMYtd4GPx9R7PxdHNLUNBPAQAuIGs53Y6iSr2GkXQN/2i/AAAAAAENAAAC",
"ImmutableId": "ErrorDuringIdConversion",
"ParentFolder": {
"Id": "LgAAAABMYtd4GPx9R7PxdHNLUNBPAQAuIGs53Y6iSr2GkXQN/2i/AAAAAAENAAAC",
"MemberRights": "ReadAny, Create, EditOwned, DeleteOwned, EditAny, DeleteAny, Visible, FreeBusySimple, FreeBusyDetailed",
"MemberSid": "S-1-8-3887482716-1326096224-1882406844-699167947-0",
"MemberUpn": "Owner@local",
"Name": "Calendar",
"Path": "\\Calendar"
}
},
"LogonType": 1,
"LogonUserSid": "S-1-5-80-447828073-3829008076-3733868015-3112024911-3885364408",
"MailboxGuid": "e7b6475c-9f60-4f0a-bc3f-3370cb74ac29",
"MailboxOwnerMasterAccountSid": "S-1-5-10",
"MailboxOwnerSid": "S-1-5-21-2202824495-2635967380-1894632064-35782174",
"MailboxOwnerUPN": "AllCompany.181245214720.zzjydiec@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"Operation": "AddFolderPermissions",
"OrganizationId": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"OrganizationName": "example.onmicrosoft.com",
"OriginatingServer": "DS4PR16MB7145 (15.20.4200.000)\r\n",
"RecordType": 2,
"ResultStatus": "Succeeded",
"UserId": "S-1-5-80-447828073-3829008076-3733868015-3112024911-3885364408",
"UserKey": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000",
"UserType": 2,
"Version": 1,
"Workload": "Exchange"
}
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Splunk #
o365_management_activity data source, specifically monitoring the…T1098, T1098.002↳ also matches ModifyFolderPermissions
References #
Create
#Description
Create activity in Exchange mailbox, recorded in the Unified Audit Log (observed in first-party capture).
Example Audit Record #
{
"ActorInfoString": "Client=REST;python-requests/2.34.2[AppId=22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222];",
"AppAccessContext": {
"AADSessionId": "0022840a-e4ab-884c-587f-d20d24637227",
"APIId": "00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000",
"ClientAppId": "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222",
"IssuedAtTime": "2026-07-04T15:04:45Z",
"UniqueTokenId": "pO6tpCIhWEeDjtm8HsIAAA"
},
"AppId": "00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000",
"AuthType": "MSAuth1.0",
"ClientAppId": "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222",
"ClientIP": "203.0.113.10",
"ClientIPAddress": "203.0.113.10",
"ClientInfoString": "Client=REST;;",
"ClientRequestId": "1a689a70-c828-402c-82e8-10b44c2bee66",
"CreationTime": "2026-07-04T15:09:47Z",
"ExternalAccess": false,
"HostAppId": "c999ed3e-27ae-4cb3-b3a2-46b056af63d3",
"Id": "f43f0730-a65d-4238-97d9-08ded9de49be",
"InternalLogonType": 0,
"Item": {
"Id": "RgAAAAAXRoXzP5fNR6PyEo/HqixABwA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAAAAAAEPAAA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAABt2TLTAAAJ",
"ImmutableId": "LgAAAAAdhAMRqmYRzZvIAKoAL8RaDQA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAABt2ebvAAAJ",
"InternetMessageId": "<SA1PR16MB4707133E40F11D3AF6535600A2F32@SA1PR16MB4707.namprd16.prod.outlook.com>",
"IsRecord": false,
"ParentFolder": {
"Id": "LgAAAAAXRoXzP5fNR6PyEo/HqixAAQA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAAAAAAEPAAAB",
"Path": "\\Drafts"
},
"SizeInBytes": 2824,
"Subject": "dw-harness-afc127f4 move-test"
},
"LogonType": 0,
"LogonUserSid": "S-1-5-21-2202824495-2635967380-1894632064-31996139",
"MailboxGuid": "2bc72b5a-02f0-45d2-97a2-5f0152098603",
"MailboxOwnerSid": "S-1-5-21-2202824495-2635967380-1894632064-31996139",
"MailboxOwnerUPN": "adminuser@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"Operation": "Create",
"OrganizationId": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"OrganizationName": "example.onmicrosoft.com",
"OriginatingServer": "SA1PR16MB4707 (15.20.4200.000)\r\n",
"RecordType": 2,
"ResultStatus": "Succeeded",
"SessionId": "0022840a-e4ab-884c-587f-d20d24637227",
"TokenObjectId": "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111",
"TokenTenantId": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"TokenType": "AadPft",
"UserId": "adminuser@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"UserKey": "10000000AAAAAAAA",
"UserType": 0,
"Version": 1,
"Workload": "Exchange"
}
References #
HardDelete
#Description
A mailbox item was permanently deleted (hard-deleted) and is not recoverable from the Deleted Items folder.
Common Indicators #
Field/value combinations most frequently checked by detection rules targeting this event, derived from cross-vendor predicate analysis.
| Field | Kind | Value | Rules | Vendors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\recoverable items\\deletions | 4 rules | splunk |
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\sent items | 4 rules | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *account recovery* | 2 rules | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *banking* | 2 rules | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *direct deposit* | 2 rules | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *mfa * | 2 rules | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *otp * | 2 rules | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *passcode * | 2 rules | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *password * | 2 rules | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *pay-to* | 2 rules | splunk |
Provider_Name (elastic rule field) | eq | Exchange | 1 rule | elastic |
Status (splunk rule field) | eq | delivered | 1 rule | splunk |
count (splunk rule field) | gt | 50 | 1 rule | splunk |
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Elastic #
T1070, T1070.008, T1098, T1098.005↳ also matches MoveToDeletedItems, SoftDelete Splunk #
T1070, T1070.008, T1485↳ also matches Send, SendAs, SendOnBehalf T1070, T1070.008, T1114, T1114.001, T1485↳ also matches SoftDelete T1070, T1070.008, T1114, T1114.001, T1485
References #
MailboxLogin
#Description
A sign-in to a mailbox was recorded by Exchange mailbox auditing.
Example Audit Record #
{
"ClientIP": "223.236.114.61",
"ClientIPAddress": "223.236.114.61",
"ClientInfoString": "Client=/owa/SuiteServiceProxy.aspx; Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/87.0.4280.88 Safari/537.36",
"CreationTime": "2020-12-16T04:57:50",
"ExternalAccess": false,
"Id": "ef8f13e2-d588-483c-0a0c-08d8a17f2384",
"InternalLogonType": 0,
"LogonType": 0,
"LogonUserSid": "S-1-5-21-2181005278-2312080842-1333184807-3028140",
"MailboxGuid": "49277dc2-e091-4bf8-96a8-695246b9d09b",
"MailboxOwnerSid": "S-1-5-21-2181005278-2312080842-1333184807-3028140",
"MailboxOwnerUPN": "admin@a830edad9050849NDA3079.onmicrosoft.com",
"Operation": "MailboxLogin",
"OrganizationId": "2ed28a74-1f6f-4829-8530-fe359c77d35c",
"OrganizationName": "a830edad9050849NDA3079.onmicrosoft.com",
"OriginatingServer": "CY4PR12MB1445",
"RecordType": 2,
"ResultStatus": "Succeeded",
"SessionId": "4ffecc86-c88d-4521-be31-450c4daebbdc",
"UserId": "admin@a830edad9050849NDA3079.onmicrosoft.com",
"UserKey": "10037FFE8EC1E08E",
"UserType": 0,
"Version": 1,
"Workload": "Exchange"
}
References #
ModifyFolderPermissions
#Description
Permissions on a mailbox folder were modified, changing who can access the folder's contents.
Example Audit Record #
{
"ClientIP": "::1",
"ClientIPAddress": "::1",
"ClientInfoString": "Client=WebServices;Action=ConfigureGroupMailbox",
"CreationTime": "2026-07-04T16:14:08Z",
"ExternalAccess": true,
"Id": "3e8a0b6b-cdee-4a26-217f-08ded9e74717",
"InternalLogonType": 1,
"Item": {
"Id": "LgAAAABMYtd4GPx9R7PxdHNLUNBPAQAuIGs53Y6iSr2GkXQN/2i/AAAAAAEfAAAB",
"ImmutableId": "ErrorDuringIdConversion",
"ParentFolder": {
"Id": "LgAAAABMYtd4GPx9R7PxdHNLUNBPAQAuIGs53Y6iSr2GkXQN/2i/AAAAAAEfAAAB",
"MemberRights": "ReadAny, Create, EditOwned, DeleteOwned, EditAny, DeleteAny, Visible, FreeBusySimple, FreeBusyDetailed",
"MemberSid": "S-1-8-3887482716-1326096224-1882406844-699167947-0",
"MemberUpn": "Owner@local",
"Name": "Team Chat",
"Path": "\\Conversation History\\Team Chat"
}
},
"LogonType": 1,
"LogonUserSid": "S-1-5-80-447828073-3829008076-3733868015-3112024911-3885364408",
"MailboxGuid": "e7b6475c-9f60-4f0a-bc3f-3370cb74ac29",
"MailboxOwnerMasterAccountSid": "S-1-5-10",
"MailboxOwnerSid": "S-1-5-21-2202824495-2635967380-1894632064-35782174",
"MailboxOwnerUPN": "AllCompany.181245214720.zzjydiec@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"Operation": "ModifyFolderPermissions",
"OrganizationId": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"OrganizationName": "example.onmicrosoft.com",
"OriginatingServer": "DS4PR16MB7145 (15.20.4200.000)\r\n",
"RecordType": 2,
"ResultStatus": "Succeeded",
"UserId": "S-1-5-80-447828073-3829008076-3733868015-3112024911-3885364408",
"UserKey": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000",
"UserType": 2,
"Version": 1,
"Workload": "Exchange"
}
Common Indicators #
Field/value combinations most frequently checked by detection rules targeting this event, derived from cross-vendor predicate analysis.
| Field | Kind | Value | Rules | Vendors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
isReadRole (splunk rule field) | eq | true | 1 rule | splunk |
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Splunk #
T1114, T1114.002o365_management_activity data source, specifically monitoring the…T1098, T1098.002↳ also matches AddFolderPermissions
References #
MoveToDeletedItems
#Description
A mailbox item was moved to the Deleted Items folder.
Common Indicators #
Field/value combinations most frequently checked by detection rules targeting this event, derived from cross-vendor predicate analysis.
| Field | Kind | Value | Rules | Vendors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Provider_Name (elastic rule field) | eq | Exchange | 1 rule | elastic |
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Elastic #
T1070, T1070.008, T1098, T1098.005↳ also matches HardDelete, SoftDelete
References #
Send
#Description
The mailbox user sent, replied to, or forwarded an email message (mailbox Send action).
Example Audit Record #
{
"ActorInfoString": "Client=REST;python-requests/2.34.2[AppId=22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222];",
"AppAccessContext": {
"AADSessionId": "0022840a-e4ab-884c-587f-d20d24637227",
"APIId": "00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000",
"ClientAppId": "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222",
"IssuedAtTime": "2026-07-04T15:04:45Z",
"UniqueTokenId": "pO6tpCIhWEeDjtm8HsIAAA"
},
"AppId": "00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000",
"AuthType": "MSAuth1.0",
"ClientAppId": "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222",
"ClientIP": "203.0.113.10",
"ClientIPAddress": "203.0.113.10",
"ClientInfoString": "Client=REST;;",
"ClientRequestId": "4f090712-2278-4b01-b594-afd205ca5f2a",
"CreationTime": "2026-07-04T15:09:46Z",
"ExternalAccess": false,
"HostAppId": "c999ed3e-27ae-4cb3-b3a2-46b056af63d3",
"Id": "162e2810-3ab6-4a06-86bf-08ded9de493f",
"InternalLogonType": 0,
"Item": {
"Id": "RgAAAAAXRoXzP5fNR6PyEo/HqixABwA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAAAAAAEPAAA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAABt2TLRAAAJ",
"ImmutableId": "LgAAAAAdhAMRqmYRzZvIAKoAL8RaDQA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAABt2ebnAAAJ",
"InternetMessageId": "<SA1PR16MB4707CF583F9878E07C434A1DA2F32@SA1PR16MB4707.namprd16.prod.outlook.com>",
"ParentFolder": {
"Id": "LgAAAAAXRoXzP5fNR6PyEo/HqixAAQA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAAAAAAEPAAAB",
"Path": "\\Drafts"
},
"Recipients": [
{
"Address": "adminuser@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"Name": "Admin User"
}
],
"RecipientsCount": 1,
"SizeInBytes": 3094,
"Subject": "dw-harness-afc127f4 audit test"
},
"LogonType": 0,
"LogonUserSid": "S-1-5-21-2202824495-2635967380-1894632064-31996139",
"MailboxGuid": "2bc72b5a-02f0-45d2-97a2-5f0152098603",
"MailboxOwnerSid": "S-1-5-21-2202824495-2635967380-1894632064-31996139",
"MailboxOwnerUPN": "adminuser@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"Operation": "Send",
"OrganizationId": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"OrganizationName": "example.onmicrosoft.com",
"OriginatingServer": "SA1PR16MB4707 (15.20.4200.000)\r\n",
"RecordType": 2,
"ResultStatus": "Succeeded",
"SaveToSentItems": true,
"SessionId": "0022840a-e4ab-884c-587f-d20d24637227",
"TokenObjectId": "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111",
"TokenTenantId": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"TokenType": "AadPft",
"UserId": "adminuser@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"UserKey": "10000000AAAAAAAA",
"UserType": 0,
"Version": 1,
"Workload": "Exchange"
}
Common Indicators #
Field/value combinations most frequently checked by detection rules targeting this event, derived from cross-vendor predicate analysis.
| Field | Kind | Value | Rules | Vendors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\recoverable items\\deletions | 2 rules | splunk |
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\sent items | 2 rules | splunk |
Status (splunk rule field) | eq | delivered | 1 rule | splunk |
count (splunk rule field) | gt | 50 | 1 rule | splunk |
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Splunk #
T1070, T1070.008, T1485↳ also matches SendAs, SendOnBehalf T1070, T1070.008, T1485↳ also matches HardDelete, SendAs, SendOnBehalf T1070, T1070.008, T1114, T1114.001, T1485↳ also matches any: Exchange mailbox activities (per-item) (catch-all), HardDelete, SendAs, SendOnBehalf, SoftDelete
References #
SendAs
#Description
A message was sent using the SendAs permission, sending as though it came from the mailbox owner; a common impersonation technique.
Example Audit Record #
{
"ActorInfoString": "Client=REST;Client=RESTSystem;Python-urllib/3.11[AppId=151b4737-5960-4f64-b94c-e7f890c955fa];",
"AppAccessContext": {
"APIId": "00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000",
"ClientAppId": "151b4737-5960-4f64-b94c-e7f890c955fa",
"IssuedAtTime": "2026-07-25T21:32:09",
"UniqueTokenId": "UfJmJthOG0-myf6YW2gnAA"
},
"AppId": "00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000",
"AuthType": "MSAuth1.0",
"ClientAppId": "151b4737-5960-4f64-b94c-e7f890c955fa",
"ClientIP": "203.0.113.10",
"ClientIPAddress": "203.0.113.10",
"ClientInfoString": "Client=REST;Client=RESTSystem;;",
"ClientRequestId": "ba4f3dc4-4417-4ee9-ab39-f9bc4ea4b1ca",
"CreationDate": "2026-07-25T21:37:10",
"CreationTime": "2026-07-25T21:37:10",
"ExternalAccess": false,
"HostAppId": "c999ed3e-27ae-4cb3-b3a2-46b056af63d3",
"Id": "4b8d0d8f-5918-433f-eac6-08deea94e258",
"InternalLogonType": 0,
"Item": {
"Id": "RgAAAAAXRoXzP5fNR6PyEo/HqixABwA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAAAAAAEPAAA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAAB83/fxAAAJ",
"ImmutableId": "ErrorDuringIdConversion",
"InternetMessageId": "<SA1PR16MB4707AF614409B18A40D8FDB1A2CE2@SA1PR16MB4707.namprd16.prod.outlook.com>",
"ParentFolder": {
"Id": "LgAAAAAXRoXzP5fNR6PyEo/HqixAAQA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAAAAAAEPAAAB",
"Path": "\\Drafts"
},
"Recipients": [
{
"Address": "adminuser@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"Name": "Admin User"
}
],
"RecipientsCount": 1,
"SizeInBytes": 3232,
"Subject": "dwharn rt2probe1 SendAs probe"
},
"LogonType": 2,
"LogonUserSid": "S-1-5-21-2202824495-2635967380-1894632064-31996139",
"MailboxGuid": "2bc72b5a-02f0-45d2-97a2-5f0152098603",
"MailboxOwnerSid": "S-1-5-21-2202824495-2635967380-1894632064-31996139",
"MailboxOwnerUPN": "adminuser@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"Operation": "SendAs",
"Operations": "SendAs",
"OrganizationId": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"OrganizationName": "example.onmicrosoft.com",
"OriginatingServer": "SA1PR16MB4707 (15.20.4200.000)\r\n",
"RecordType": 2,
"ResultStatus": "Succeeded",
"SaveToSentItems": true,
"SendAsUserMailboxGuid": "2da5bd57-8c8a-49c4-abf0-1764cf8d63c3",
"SendAsUserSmtp": "dwharn-shared@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"TokenObjectId": "dd86db54-3d88-43c1-a8a9-60841a369ec0",
"TokenTenantId": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"TokenType": "AadPft",
"UserId": "S-1-5-21-2202824495-2635967380-1894632064-31996139",
"UserKey": "151b4737-5960-4f64-b94c-e7f890c955fa",
"UserType": "Application",
"Version": 1,
"Workload": "Exchange"
}
Common Indicators #
Field/value combinations most frequently checked by detection rules targeting this event, derived from cross-vendor predicate analysis.
| Field | Kind | Value | Rules | Vendors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\recoverable items\\deletions | 2 rules | splunk |
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\sent items | 2 rules | splunk |
Status (splunk rule field) | eq | delivered | 1 rule | splunk |
count (splunk rule field) | gt | 50 | 1 rule | splunk |
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Splunk #
T1070, T1070.008, T1485↳ also matches HardDelete, Send, SendOnBehalf T1070, T1070.008, T1114, T1114.001, T1485↳ also matches any: Exchange mailbox activities (per-item) (catch-all), HardDelete, Send, SendOnBehalf, SoftDelete T1070, T1070.008, T1485↳ also matches Send, SendOnBehalf
References #
SendOnBehalf
#Description
A message was sent using the SendOnBehalf permission, sending on behalf of the mailbox owner.
Common Indicators #
Field/value combinations most frequently checked by detection rules targeting this event, derived from cross-vendor predicate analysis.
| Field | Kind | Value | Rules | Vendors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\recoverable items\\deletions | 2 rules | splunk |
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\sent items | 2 rules | splunk |
Status (splunk rule field) | eq | delivered | 1 rule | splunk |
count (splunk rule field) | gt | 50 | 1 rule | splunk |
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Splunk #
T1070, T1070.008, T1485↳ also matches HardDelete, Send, SendAs T1070, T1070.008, T1114, T1114.001, T1485↳ also matches any: Exchange mailbox activities (per-item) (catch-all), HardDelete, Send, SendAs, SoftDelete T1070, T1070.008, T1485↳ also matches Send, SendAs
References #
SoftDelete
#Description
A mailbox item was soft-deleted (moved to the Recoverable Items / Deleted Items dumpster and recoverable by the user).
Common Indicators #
Field/value combinations most frequently checked by detection rules targeting this event, derived from cross-vendor predicate analysis.
| Field | Kind | Value | Rules | Vendors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Provider_Name (elastic rule field) | eq | Exchange | 1 rule | elastic |
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\recoverable items\\deletions | 1 rule | splunk |
m365::Folder.Path (splunk rule field) | in | \\sent items | 1 rule | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *account recovery* | 1 rule | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *banking* | 1 rule | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *direct deposit* | 1 rule | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *mfa * | 1 rule | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *otp * | 1 rule | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *passcode * | 1 rule | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *password * | 1 rule | splunk |
subject (splunk rule field) | in | *pay-to* | 1 rule | splunk |
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Elastic #
T1070, T1070.008, T1098, T1098.005↳ also matches HardDelete, MoveToDeletedItems Splunk #
T1070, T1070.008, T1114, T1114.001, T1485↳ also matches HardDelete T1070, T1070.008, T1114, T1114.001, T1485↳ also matches any: Exchange mailbox activities (per-item) (catch-all), HardDelete, Send, SendAs, SendOnBehalf
References #
Update
#Description
Update activity in Exchange mailbox, recorded in the Unified Audit Log (observed in first-party capture).
Example Audit Record #
{
"ActorInfoString": "Client=REST;python-requests/2.34.2[AppId=22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222];",
"AppAccessContext": {
"AADSessionId": "0022840a-e4ab-884c-587f-d20d24637227",
"APIId": "00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000",
"ClientAppId": "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222",
"IssuedAtTime": "2026-07-04T15:04:45Z",
"UniqueTokenId": "pO6tpCIhWEeDjtm8HsIAAA"
},
"AppId": "00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000",
"AuthType": "MSAuth1.0",
"ClientAppId": "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222",
"ClientIP": "203.0.113.10",
"ClientIPAddress": "203.0.113.10",
"ClientInfoString": "Client=REST;;",
"ClientRequestId": "ce23ec0b-1ca3-4b0e-aad7-555dd5f12c3a",
"CreationTime": "2026-07-04T15:09:49Z",
"ExternalAccess": false,
"HostAppId": "c999ed3e-27ae-4cb3-b3a2-46b056af63d3",
"Id": "769f1bb4-de68-47d7-e8e0-08ded9de4a9d",
"InternalLogonType": 0,
"Item": {
"Id": "RgAAAAAXRoXzP5fNR6PyEo/HqixABwA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAAAAAAENAAA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAABt2T6TAAAP",
"ImmutableId": "LgAAAAAdhAMRqmYRzZvIAKoAL8RaDQA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAABt2erfAAAP",
"InternetMessageId": "<SA1PR16MB4707803C250B4D869491F367A2F32@SA1PR16MB4707.namprd16.prod.outlook.com>",
"IsRecord": false,
"ParentFolder": {
"Id": "LgAAAAAXRoXzP5fNR6PyEo/HqixAAQA7mE7t4w9CSqNKCbVE7kkMAAAAAAENAAAC",
"Path": "\\Calendar"
},
"SizeInBytes": 4710,
"Subject": "dw-harness-afc127f4 calendar test (updated)"
},
"LogonType": 0,
"LogonUserSid": "S-1-5-21-2202824495-2635967380-1894632064-31996139",
"MailboxGuid": "2bc72b5a-02f0-45d2-97a2-5f0152098603",
"MailboxOwnerSid": "S-1-5-21-2202824495-2635967380-1894632064-31996139",
"MailboxOwnerUPN": "adminuser@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"ModifiedProperties": [
"MapiSubject",
"NormalizedSubjectInternal"
],
"Operation": "Update",
"OrganizationId": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"OrganizationName": "example.onmicrosoft.com",
"OriginatingServer": "SA1PR16MB4707 (15.20.4200.000)\r\n",
"RecordType": 2,
"ResultStatus": "Succeeded",
"SessionId": "0022840a-e4ab-884c-587f-d20d24637227",
"TokenObjectId": "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111",
"TokenTenantId": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"TokenType": "AadPft",
"UserId": "adminuser@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"UserKey": "10000000AAAAAAAA",
"UserType": 0,
"Version": 1,
"Workload": "Exchange"
}
References #
UpdateInboxRules
#Description
An inbox rule was added, removed, or changed; inbox rules process Inbox messages by condition and are commonly abused for auto-forwarding or evidence deletion.
Example Audit Record #
{
"CreationTime": "2024-03-27T22:25:09",
"Id": "8c6e96d4-f00c-4ccf-98f0-08dc4eacc2f0",
"Operation": "UpdateInboxRules",
"OrganizationId": "75243ab2-44f8-435c-a7a6-b479385df6d4",
"RecordType": 2,
"ResultStatus": "Succeeded",
"UserKey": "100320030DF47B14",
"UserType": 0,
"Version": 1,
"Workload": "Exchange",
"ClientIP": "120.1.121.43",
"UserId": "user15@splunkresearch.com",
"AppId": "00b41c95-dab0-4487-9791-b9d2c32c80f2",
"ClientIPAddress": "120.1.121.43",
"ClientInfoString": "Client=WebServices;python-requests/2.25.1;",
"ExternalAccess": false,
"InternalLogonType": 0,
"LogonType": 0,
"LogonUserSid": "S-1-5-21-1148582062-3132321681-773847816-49307764",
"MailboxGuid": "7cfcc8fc-0d4a-4e1c-9592-dbb3de1e3859",
"MailboxOwnerSid": "S-1-5-21-1148582062-3132321681-773847816-49307764",
"MailboxOwnerUPN": "user15@splunkresearch.com",
"OperationProperties": [
{
"Name": "Actions",
"Value": "ForwardToRecipientsAction"
},
{
"Name": "Conditions",
"Value": "ContainsBodyStringCondition"
},
{
"Name": "Provider",
"Value": "RuleOrganizer"
},
{
"Name": "RemoveOutlookRuleBlob"
},
{
"Name": "Name",
"Value": "haags rule"
},
{
"Name": "IsNew",
"Value": "True"
},
{
"Name": "IsDirty",
"Value": "True"
},
{
"Name": "RuleOperation",
"Value": "Create"
},
{
"Name": "ServerRule",
"Value": {
"ID": 0,
"IDx": null,
"ExecutionSequence": 10,
"Level": 0,
"StateFlags": 1,
"UserFlags": 0,
"Condition": {
"Flags": 65537,
"PropTag": {},
"PropValue": {
"PropTag": {},
"PropType": 31,
"Value": "gitlabs",
"RawValue": "gitlabs"
},
"MultiValued": false,
"Type": 3
},
"Actions": [
{
"Flags": 0,
"Recipients": [
{
"Values": [
{
"PropTag": {},
"PropType": 258,
"Value": "AAAAAIErH6S+oxAZnW4A3QEPVAIAAAGAaABhAGEAZwBAAGUAdgBpAGwALgBjAG8AbQAAAFMATQBUAFAAAABoAGEAYQBnAEAAZQB2AGkAbAAuAGMAbwBtAAAA",
"RawValue": "AAAAAIErH6S+oxAZnW4A3QEPVAIAAAGAaABhAGEAZwBAAGUAdgBpAGwALgBjAG8AbQAAAFMATQBUAFAAAABoAGEAYQBnAEAAZQB2AGkAbAAuAGMAbwBtAAAA"
},
{
"PropTag": {},
"PropType": 31,
"Value": "haag@evil.com",
"RawValue": "haag@evil.com"
},
{
"PropTag": {},
"PropType": 3,
"Value": 0,
"RawValue": 0
},
{
"PropTag": {},
"PropType": 31,
"Value": "haag@evil.com",
"RawValue": "haag@evil.com"
},
{
"PropTag": {},
"PropType": 258,
"Value": "U01UUDpIQUFHQEVWSUwuQ09NAA==",
"RawValue": "U01UUDpIQUFHQEVWSUwuQ09NAA=="
},
{
"PropTag": {},
"PropType": 3,
"Value": 1,
"RawValue": 1
},
{
"PropTag": {},
"PropType": 31,
"Value": "SMTP",
"RawValue": "SMTP"
},
{
"PropTag": {},
"PropType": 31,
"Value": "haag@evil.com",
"RawValue": "haag@evil.com"
}
]
}
],
"UserFlags": 0,
"ActionType": 7
}
],
"Name": "haags rule",
"Provider": "RuleOrganizer",
"ProviderData": "AQAAAAAAAAAq1HSglYDaAQ==",
"IsExtended": false,
"ExtraProperties": null,
"Operation": 1
}
}
],
"OrganizationName": "splunkresearch.com",
"OriginatingServer": "MN2PR18MB3053 (15.20.4200.000)\r\n",
"SessionId": "004b39b1-b0a8-4f90-91e4-67dd1b6ca5a8",
"Item": {
"Id": "LgAAAAC0AxwgOj/BRq9Bs1bhMPw/AQDh+UNSDzeHSLWfq+fr83BDAAAAAAEMAAAB",
"ParentFolder": {
"Id": "LgAAAAC0AxwgOj/BRq9Bs1bhMPw/AQDh+UNSDzeHSLWfq+fr83BDAAAAAAEMAAAB",
"Name": "Inbox",
"Path": "Not Available"
}
}
}
Common Indicators #
Field/value combinations most frequently checked by detection rules targeting this event, derived from cross-vendor predicate analysis.
| Field | Kind | Value | Rules | Vendors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
m365::Parameters (sigma rule field) | contains | forwardingsmtpaddress | 1 rule | sigma |
m365::Parameters (sigma rule field) | contains | forwardto | 1 rule | sigma |
m365::Parameters (sigma rule field) | contains | redirectto | 1 rule | sigma |
match1 (splunk rule field) | ge | 0 | 1 rule | splunk |
match2 (splunk rule field) | ge | 0 | 1 rule | splunk |
match3 (splunk rule field) | ge | 0 | 1 rule | splunk |
Detection Rules #
Full rule details for this event, including ATT&CK technique mappings and native queries →Sigma #
Splunk #
T1114, T1114.003
References #
M365 audit records use different field names on each surface #
The same Unified Audit Log record uses different field names on each surface. A query built for one surface can silently miss on another. These pages document the Management Activity API JSON names, the same names Search-UnifiedAuditLog and the Office 365 Management Activity API return.
- Purview CSV export flattens each record to four columns (
CreationDate,UserIds,Operations,AuditData). The API field names live only inside theAuditDataJSON blob. Expand it withConvertFrom-Json. The wrapper columns are renamed too:CreationDatenotCreationTime,UserIdsnotUserId,OperationsnotOperation. - Sentinel's
OfficeActivitytable renames several fields and turns two integer enum columns into strings. The table below maps them.
| API JSON (event pages) | OfficeActivity column | Note |
|---|---|---|
Id | OfficeId | Renamed. |
Workload | OfficeWorkload | Renamed. |
ObjectId | OfficeObjectId | Renamed. |
CreationTime | TimeGenerated | Renamed. OfficeActivity has no CreationTime column. |
SiteUrl | Site_Url | Renamed (SharePoint family). |
RecordType | RecordType | Same name; the Int32 enum becomes its string enum name. |
UserType | UserType | Same name; the Int32 enum becomes a string. |
ClientIP | ClientIP, Client_IPAddress | Both columns present on OfficeActivity. |
Scope | (none) | No OfficeActivity equivalent under any name. Recover it from the API JSON or the Purview AuditData blob. |
Operation, UserId, ResultStatus, UserKey, AppAccessContext, OrganizationId | same names | Unchanged. No _s / _d suffixes (a native table, not a custom log). |
Mapping verified against the OfficeActivity table reference, the Management Activity API schema, and the Purview audit-record export format.