Detection rules › Elastic

Archive File with Unusual Extension

Status
production
Kind
building block (feeds higher-level correlation rules; not a standalone alert)
Severity
low
Time window
9m
Author
Elastic
Source
github.com/elastic/detection-rules

Identifies the creation of an archive file with an unusual extension. Attackers may attempt to evade detection by masquerading files using the file extension values used by image, audio, or document file types.

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rule body elastic

[metadata]
bypass_bbr_timing = true
creation_date = "2023/09/25"
integration = ["endpoint"]
maturity = "production"
updated_date = "2024/05/21"

[rule]
author = ["Elastic"]
building_block_type = "default"
description = """
Identifies the creation of an archive file with an unusual extension. Attackers may attempt to evade detection by
masquerading files using the file extension values used by image, audio, or document file types.
"""
from = "now-9m"
index = ["logs-endpoint.events.file-*"]
language = "eql"
license = "Elastic License v2"
name = "Archive File with Unusual Extension"
risk_score = 21
rule_id = "cffbaf47-9391-4e09-a83c-1f27d7474826"
severity = "low"
tags = [
    "Domain: Endpoint",
    "OS: Windows",
    "Use Case: Threat Detection",
    "Tactic: Defense Evasion",
    "Data Source: Elastic Defend",
    "Rule Type: BBR",
]
timestamp_override = "event.ingested"
type = "eql"

query = '''
file where host.os.type == "windows" and event.action != "deletion" and

  /* common archive file headers - Rar, 7z, GZIP, MSCF, XZ, ZIP */
  file.Ext.header_bytes : ("52617221*", "377ABCAF271C*", "1F8B*", "4d534346*", "FD377A585A00*", "504B0304*", "504B0708*") and

  (
    /* common image file extensions */
    file.extension : ("jpg", "jpeg", "emf", "tiff", "gif", "png", "bmp", "ico", "fpx", "eps", "inf") or

    /* common audio and video file extensions */
    file.extension : ("mp3", "wav", "avi", "mpeg", "flv", "wma", "wmv", "mov", "mp4", "3gp") or

    /* common document file extensions */
    (file.extension : ("doc", "docx", "rtf", "ppt", "pptx", "xls", "xlsx") and

    /* exclude ZIP file header values for OPENXML documents */
    not file.Ext.header_bytes : ("504B0304*", "504B0708*"))
  ) and

  not (process.executable : "?:\\Windows\\System32\\inetsrv\\w3wp.exe" and file.path : "?:\\inetpub\\temp\\IIS Temporary Compressed Files\\*")
'''


[[rule.threat]]
framework = "MITRE ATT&CK"
[[rule.threat.technique]]
id = "T1036"
name = "Masquerading"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/"
[[rule.threat.technique.subtechnique]]
id = "T1036.008"
name = "Masquerade File Type"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/008/"



[rule.threat.tactic]
id = "TA0005"
name = "Defense Evasion"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0005/"

Stages and Predicates

Stage 1: file

file where host.os.type == "windows" and event.action != "deletion" and
  file.Ext.header_bytes : ("52617221*", "377ABCAF271C*", "1F8B*", "4d534346*", "FD377A585A00*", "504B0304*", "504B0708*") and
  (
    file.extension : ("jpg", "jpeg", "emf", "tiff", "gif", "png", "bmp", "ico", "fpx", "eps", "inf") or
    file.extension : ("mp3", "wav", "avi", "mpeg", "flv", "wma", "wmv", "mov", "mp4", "3gp") or
    (file.extension : ("doc", "docx", "rtf", "ppt", "pptx", "xls", "xlsx") and
    not file.Ext.header_bytes : ("504B0304*", "504B0708*"))
  ) and
  not (process.executable : "?:\\Windows\\System32\\inetsrv\\w3wp.exe" and file.path : "?:\\inetpub\\temp\\IIS Temporary Compressed Files\\*")

Exclusions

Top-level NOT(...) conjuncts: predicates this rule actively suppresses.

FieldKindExcluded values
file.pathstarts_with?:\inetpub\temp\IIS Temporary Compressed Files\
process.executableeq?:\Windows\System32\inetsrv\w3wp.exe

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

FieldKindValues
event.actionne
  • deletion corpus 11 (elastic 11)
file.Ext.header_byteswildcard
  • 1F8B* corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • 377ABCAF271C* corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • 4d534346*
  • 504B0304*
  • 504B0708*
  • 52617221*
  • FD377A585A00* corpus 2 (elastic 2)
file.extensionwildcard
  • 3gp corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • avi corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • bmp corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • doc corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • docx corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • emf corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • eps corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • flv corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • fpx corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • gif corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • ico
  • inf corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • jpeg corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • jpg corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • mov corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • mp3 corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • mp4 corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • mpeg corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • png corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • ppt corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • pptx corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • rtf corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • tiff corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • wav corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • wma corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • wmv corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • xls corpus 2 (elastic 2)
  • xlsx corpus 2 (elastic 2)