AWSCloudTrail - Changes to internet facing AWS RDS Database instances

Status: available
Severity: low
Time window: 1d
Group by: AWSRegion, AccountName, AccountUPNSuffix, AdditionalEventData, EventName, EventSource, EventTypeName, RecipientAccountId, ResponseElements, SessionMfaAuthenticated, SourceIpAddress, UserAgent, UserIdentityAccountId, UserIdentityPrincipalid, UserIdentityUserName
Source: github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel

Identifies AWS CloudTrail events associated with changes to Amazon RDS database security groups and database security group ingress rules, which may indicate unauthorized modification of internet-facing RDS access. Validate whether the change was authorized and consistent with change control policy. RDS API Reference Docs: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/APIReference/API_Operations.html

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Persistence	`T1098.001` Account Manipulation: Additional Cloud Credentials
Privilege Escalation	`T1098.001` Account Manipulation: Additional Cloud Credentials
Stealth	`T1562.007` Impair Defenses: Disable or Modify Cloud Firewall

Rule body kusto

id: 8c2ef238-67a0-497d-b1dd-5c8a0f533e25
name: AWSCloudTrail - Changes to internet facing AWS RDS Database instances
description: |
  Identifies AWS CloudTrail events associated with changes to Amazon RDS database security groups and database
  security group ingress rules, which may indicate unauthorized modification of internet-facing RDS access. Validate whether
  the change was authorized and consistent with change control policy.
  RDS API Reference Docs: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/APIReference/API_Operations.html
severity: Low
status: Available
requiredDataConnectors:
  - connectorId: AWS
    dataTypes:
      - AWSCloudTrail
  - connectorId: AWSS3
    dataTypes:
      - AWSCloudTrail
queryFrequency: 1d
queryPeriod: 1d
triggerOperator: gt
triggerThreshold: 0
tactics:
  - Persistence
  - PrivilegeEscalation
  - DefenseEvasion
relevantTechniques:
  - T1098.001
  - T1562.007
query: |
  let EventNameList = dynamic(["AuthorizeDBSecurityGroupIngress","CreateDBSecurityGroup","DeleteDBSecurityGroup","RevokeDBSecurityGroupIngress"]);
  AWSCloudTrail
  | where EventName in~ (EventNameList)
  | extend UserIdentityArn = iif(isempty(UserIdentityArn), tostring(parse_json(Resources)[0].ARN), UserIdentityArn)
  | extend UserName = tostring(split(UserIdentityArn, '/')[-1])
  | extend AccountName = case( UserIdentityPrincipalid == "Anonymous", "Anonymous", isempty(UserIdentityUserName), UserName, UserIdentityUserName)
  | extend AccountName = iif(AccountName contains "@", tostring(split(AccountName, '@', 0)[0]), AccountName),
    AccountUPNSuffix = iif(AccountName contains "@", tostring(split(AccountName, '@', 1)[0]), "")
  | summarize StartTimeUtc = min(TimeGenerated), EndTimeUtc = max(TimeGenerated) by EventName, EventTypeName, RecipientAccountId, AccountName, AccountUPNSuffix, UserIdentityAccountId, UserIdentityPrincipalid, UserAgent, UserIdentityUserName, SessionMfaAuthenticated, SourceIpAddress, AWSRegion, EventSource, AdditionalEventData, ResponseElements
entityMappings:
  - entityType: Account
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Name
        columnName: AccountName
      - identifier: UPNSuffix
        columnName: AccountUPNSuffix
      - identifier: CloudAppAccountId
        columnName: RecipientAccountId
  - entityType: IP
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Address
        columnName: SourceIpAddress
customDetails:
  AWSRegion: AWSRegion
  UserAgent: UserAgent
  EventName: EventName
  EventSource: EventSource
  EventType: EventTypeName
alertDetailsOverride:
  alertDisplayNameFormat: 'AWS RDS database security change by {{AccountName}} in {{AWSRegion}}'
  alertDescriptionFormat: 'Event {{EventName}} change in RDS security settings by {{AccountName}} from {{SourceIpAddress}}.'
version: 1.0.5
kind: Scheduled

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

let EventNameList = dynamic(["AuthorizeDBSecurityGroupIngress","CreateDBSecurityGroup","DeleteDBSecurityGroup","RevokeDBSecurityGroupIngress"]);

Stage 1: `source`

AWSCloudTrail

Stage 2: `where`

| where EventName in~ (EventNameList)

Stage 3: `extend` (4 consecutive steps)

| extend UserIdentityArn = iif(isempty(UserIdentityArn), tostring(parse_json(Resources)[0].ARN), UserIdentityArn)
| extend UserName = tostring(split(UserIdentityArn, '/')[-1])
| extend AccountName = case( UserIdentityPrincipalid == "Anonymous", "Anonymous", isempty(UserIdentityUserName), UserName, UserIdentityUserName)
| extend AccountName = iif(AccountName contains "@", tostring(split(AccountName, '@', 0)[0]), AccountName),
  AccountUPNSuffix = iif(AccountName contains "@", tostring(split(AccountName, '@', 1)[0]), "")

Stage 4: `summarize`

| summarize StartTimeUtc = min(TimeGenerated), EndTimeUtc = max(TimeGenerated) by EventName, EventTypeName, RecipientAccountId, AccountName, AccountUPNSuffix, UserIdentityAccountId, UserIdentityPrincipalid, UserAgent, UserIdentityUserName, SessionMfaAuthenticated, SourceIpAddress, AWSRegion, EventSource, AdditionalEventData, ResponseElements

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`EventName`	in	`AuthorizeDBSecurityGroupIngress` `CreateDBSecurityGroup` `DeleteDBSecurityGroup` `RevokeDBSecurityGroupIngress`

Output fields

Fields the rule emits when it matches. Chronicle authors list these in the outcome block; they appear on the detection and $risk_score drives alerting. Sentinel / Defender XDR rules build them up through project / summarize / extend stages. Sentinel maps these into alert fields via entityMappings and customDetails; Defender XDR custom detections surface them as alert fields directly.

Field	Source
`AWSRegion`	`summarize`
`AccountName`	`summarize`
`AccountUPNSuffix`	`summarize`
`AdditionalEventData`	`summarize`
`EndTimeUtc`	`summarize`
`EventName`	`summarize`
`EventSource`	`summarize`
`EventTypeName`	`summarize`
`RecipientAccountId`	`summarize`
`ResponseElements`	`summarize`
`SessionMfaAuthenticated`	`summarize`
`SourceIpAddress`	`summarize`
`StartTimeUtc`	`summarize`
`UserAgent`	`summarize`
`UserIdentityAccountId`	`summarize`
`UserIdentityPrincipalid`	`summarize`
`UserIdentityUserName`	`summarize`

`j` / `k`	Scroll down / up
`d` / `u`	Half-page down / up
`gg` / `G`	Top / bottom
`h` / `l`	History back / forward
`f`	Follow link (`Shift` = new tab)
`/`	Focus search
`?`	Toggle this help
`↑` / `↓`	Navigate search results
`Enter`	Open highlighted result
`Esc`	Close results / dialog

`type:`	`events` / `rules` / `providers`
`vendor:`	`sigma` / `elastic` / `splunk` / `kusto` / `chronicle` (vendor name alone also works: `sigma:`, `kql:`, `secops:`…)
`tactic:`	TA-id, slug, or name: `credential_access`, `TA0006`
`technique:`	technique or sub-technique ID: `T1003`, `T1003.001` (alias `tech:`)
`severity:`	`critical` / `high` / `medium` / `low` / `informational` (alias `sev:`)
`risk_score`	Numeric comparison on the Elastic risk score (0 to 100): `risk_score>50`, `risk_score<=20`, `risk_score=99` (alias `risk`; Elastic rules only)
`stages:`	Rules with exactly N pipeline stages
`correlation:`	`single_event` / `sequence` / `alternatives` / `alternatives_cross_log` / `all_required` / `correlated`
`with:`	Co-occurrence event-id; stacks (`with:4624 with:4769`) to require all, while a comma list in one occurrence (`with:4624,4769`) is an either-or group. Implies multi-event
`like:`	Structural neighbors of a rule slug (equivalents + subsumption stricter / broader): `like:comsvcs_lsass_memory_dump-splunk-sysmon`
`groupby:`	Entity-grouping substring match against `group_by_keys`: `groupby:user`, `groupby:host`
`uses:`	Rules whose predicate tree touches the field (any kind, any value): `uses:CommandLine`
`excludes:`	Rules with top-level `not()` clauses on the field (FP whitelists): `excludes:ParentImage`
`field:` / `value:`	Predicate search; narrows rule cards to those with a matching leaf and drives the indicator tier. Unquoted = substring, wildcards allowed (`value:mimikatz`)
`indicator:`	Shorthand for `field:F value:V`: `indicator:Image=*\powershell.exe`
`kind:`	Filter by predicate kind. Narrows rule cards to those carrying a matching predicate leaf (`vendor:elastic kind:cidr_match`) and drives the indicator tier: `contains` / `starts_with` / `ends_with` / `regex` / `cidr` / `eq` / `in` … (operator aliases `op:`/`match:`)
`has:` / `no:`	`sample`, `field`, `notes`, `refs`, `trace`, `thirdparty`, `rule`, `pattern`, `timewindow`, `threshold`, `newterms`, `sigma`/`elastic`/`splunk`/`kusto`/`chronicle`
`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
`field:"…"` / `value:"…"`	Quoted value = anchored exact match (also allows spaces): `value:"net user"`
`a,b`	Comma = OR inside one operator (`vendor:sigma,elastic`, `severity:high,critical`); repeating a facet merges the same way. `field:`/`value:` never split (literal commas)
`vendors:` / `stage:`	Singular and plural spellings fold to the canonical operator and value: `tactics:` = `tactic:`, `type:event` = `type:events`, `correlation:sequences` = `correlation:sequence`, `has:thresholds` = `has:threshold`
`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)

AWSCloudTrail - Changes to internet facing AWS RDS Database instances

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rule body kusto

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

Stage 1: `source`

Stage 2: `where`

Stage 3: `extend` (4 consecutive steps)

Stage 4: `summarize`

Indicators

Output fields

Keyboard shortcuts

Search operators

AWSCloudTrail - Changes to internet facing AWS RDS Database instances

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rule body kusto

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

Stage 1: source

Stage 2: where

Stage 3: extend (4 consecutive steps)

Stage 4: summarize

Indicators

Output fields

Stage 1: `source`

Stage 2: `where`

Stage 3: `extend` (4 consecutive steps)

Stage 4: `summarize`