CloudNGFW By Palo Alto Networks - Threat signatures from Unusual IP addresses

Status: available
Severity: medium
Time window: 7d
Group by: FirewallName_s, src_ip
Source: github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel

'Identifies Palo Alto Threat signatures from unusual IP addresses which are not historically seen. This detection is also leveraged and required for MDE and PAN Fusion scenario https://docs.microsoft.com/Azure/sentinel/fusion-scenario-reference#network-request-to-tor-anonymization-service-followed-by-anomalous-traffic-flagged-by-palo-alto-networks-firewall'

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Discovery	`T1046` Network Service Discovery
Command & Control	`T1071.001` Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols
Exfiltration	`T1030` Data Transfer Size Limits

Rule body kusto

id: 89a86f70-615f-4a79-9621-6f68c50f365f
name: CloudNGFW By Palo Alto Networks - Threat signatures from Unusual IP addresses 
description: |
  'Identifies Palo Alto Threat signatures from unusual IP addresses which are not historically seen. 
  This detection is also leveraged and required for MDE and PAN Fusion scenario
  https://docs.microsoft.com/Azure/sentinel/fusion-scenario-reference#network-request-to-tor-anonymization-service-followed-by-anomalous-traffic-flagged-by-palo-alto-networks-firewall'
severity: Medium
status: Available
requiredDataConnectors:
  - connectorId: AzureCloudNGFWByPaloAltoNetworks
    dataTypes:
      - fluentbit_CL
queryFrequency: 1h
queryPeriod: 7d
triggerOperator: gt
triggerThreshold: 0
tactics:
  - Discovery
  - Exfiltration
  - CommandAndControl
relevantTechniques:
  - T1046
  - T1030
  - T1071.001
tags:
  - Fusion
query: |
  let starttime = 7d;
  let endtime = 1d;
  let timeframe = 1h;
  let HistThreshold = 25; 
  let CurrThreshold = 10; 
  let HistoricalThreats = fluentbit_CL
  | where ident_s == "THREAT"
  | extend message = parse_json(Message)
  | where isnotempty(message.src_ip)
  | where TimeGenerated between (startofday(ago(starttime))..startofday(ago(endtime)))
  | where message.sub_type in ('spyware', 'scan', 'file', 'vulnerability', 'flood', 'packet', 'virus','wildfire', 'wildfire-virus')
  | extend src_ip = tostring(message.src_ip)
  | summarize TotalEvents = count(), ThreatTypes = make_set(message.sub_type), DestinationIpList = make_set(message.dst), FirstSeen = min(TimeGenerated) , LastSeen = max(TimeGenerated) by src_ip, tostring(message.action), FirewallName_s;
  let CurrentHourThreats = fluentbit_CL
  | where ident_s == "THREAT"
  | extend message = parse_json(Message)
  | where isnotempty(message.src_ip)
  | where TimeGenerated > ago(timeframe)
  | where message.sub_type in ('spyware', 'scan', 'file', 'vulnerability', 'flood', 'packet', 'virus','wildfire', 'wildfire-virus')
  | extend src_ip = tostring(message.src_ip)
  | summarize TotalEvents = count(), ThreatTypes = make_set(message.sub_type), DestinationIpList = make_set(message.dst), FirstSeen = min(TimeGenerated) , LastSeen = max(TimeGenerated) by src_ip, tostring(message.action), FirewallName_s;
  CurrentHourThreats 
  | where TotalEvents < CurrThreshold
  | join kind = leftanti (HistoricalThreats 
  | where TotalEvents > HistThreshold) on src_ip
entityMappings:
  - entityType: IP
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Address
        columnName: src_ip
version: 1.0.2
kind: Scheduled

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

let starttime = 7d;
let endtime = 1d;
let timeframe = 1h;
let HistThreshold = 25;
let CurrThreshold = 10;

Let binding: `HistoricalThreats`

let HistoricalThreats = fluentbit_CL
| where ident_s == "THREAT"
| extend message = parse_json(Message)
| where isnotempty(message.src_ip)
| where TimeGenerated between (startofday(ago(starttime))..startofday(ago(endtime)))
| where message.sub_type in ('spyware', 'scan', 'file', 'vulnerability', 'flood', 'packet', 'virus','wildfire', 'wildfire-virus')
| extend src_ip = tostring(message.src_ip)
| summarize TotalEvents = count(), ThreatTypes = make_set(message.sub_type), DestinationIpList = make_set(message.dst), FirstSeen = min(TimeGenerated) , LastSeen = max(TimeGenerated) by src_ip, tostring(message.action), FirewallName_s;

Derived from starttime, endtime.

The stages below define let CurrentHourThreats (the rule's main pipeline source).

Stage 1: `source`

fluentbit_CL

Stage 2: `where`

| where ident_s == "THREAT"

Stage 3: `extend`

| extend message = parse_json(Message)

Stage 4: `where`

| where isnotempty(message.src_ip)

Stage 5: `where`

| where TimeGenerated > ago(timeframe)

Stage 6: `where`

| where message.sub_type in ('spyware', 'scan', 'file', 'vulnerability', 'flood', 'packet', 'virus','wildfire', 'wildfire-virus')

Stage 7: `extend`

| extend src_ip = tostring(message.src_ip)

Stage 8: `summarize`

| summarize TotalEvents = count(), ThreatTypes = make_set(message.sub_type), DestinationIpList = make_set(message.dst), FirstSeen = min(TimeGenerated) , LastSeen = max(TimeGenerated) by src_ip, tostring(message.action), FirewallName_s

Threshold: lt 10

The stages below run on CurrentHourThreats (the outer pipeline).

Stage 9: `where`

CurrentHourThreats
| where TotalEvents < CurrThreshold

Stage 10: `join` (negated)

| join kind = leftanti (HistoricalThreats 
| where TotalEvents > HistThreshold) on src_ip

Exclusions

Top-level NOT(...) conjuncts: predicates this rule actively suppresses.

Field	Kind	Excluded values
`TotalEvents`	gt	`25`
`ident_s`	eq	`THREAT`
`src_ip`	is_not_null	(no value, null check)
`sub_type`	in	`file`, `flood`, `packet`, `scan`, `spyware`, `virus`, `vulnerability`, `wildfire`, `wildfire-virus`

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`TotalEvents`	lt	`10` transforms: `cased`
`ident_s`	eq	`THREAT` transforms: `cased`
`src_ip`	is_not_null	(no value, null check)
`sub_type`	in	`file` transforms: `cased` `flood` transforms: `cased` `packet` transforms: `cased` `scan` transforms: `cased` `spyware` transforms: `cased` `virus` transforms: `cased` `vulnerability` transforms: `cased` `wildfire` transforms: `cased` `wildfire-virus` transforms: `cased`

Output fields

Fields the rule emits when it matches. Chronicle authors list these in the outcome block; they appear on the detection and $risk_score drives alerting. Sentinel / Defender XDR rules build them up through project / summarize / extend stages. Sentinel maps these into alert fields via entityMappings and customDetails; Defender XDR custom detections surface them as alert fields directly.

Field	Source
`DestinationIpList`	`summarize`
`FirewallName_s`	`summarize`
`FirstSeen`	`summarize`
`LastSeen`	`summarize`
`ThreatTypes`	`summarize`
`TotalEvents`	`summarize`
`src_ip`	`summarize`

`j` / `k`	Scroll down / up
`d` / `u`	Half-page down / up
`gg` / `G`	Top / bottom
`h` / `l`	History back / forward
`f`	Follow link (`Shift` = new tab)
`/`	Focus search
`?`	Toggle this help
`↑` / `↓`	Navigate search results
`Enter`	Open highlighted result
`Esc`	Close results / dialog

`type:`	`events` / `rules` / `providers`
`vendor:`	`sigma` / `elastic` / `splunk` / `kusto` / `chronicle` (vendor name alone also works: `sigma:`, `kql:`, `secops:`…)
`tactic:`	TA-id, slug, or name: `credential_access`, `TA0006`
`technique:`	technique or sub-technique ID: `T1003`, `T1003.001` (alias `tech:`)
`severity:`	`critical` / `high` / `medium` / `low` / `informational` (alias `sev:`)
`risk_score`	Numeric comparison on the Elastic risk score (0 to 100): `risk_score>50`, `risk_score<=20`, `risk_score=99` (alias `risk`; Elastic rules only)
`stages:`	Rules with exactly N pipeline stages
`correlation:`	`single_event` / `sequence` / `alternatives` / `alternatives_cross_log` / `all_required` / `correlated`
`with:`	Co-occurrence event-id; stacks (`with:4624 with:4769`) to require all, while a comma list in one occurrence (`with:4624,4769`) is an either-or group. Implies multi-event
`like:`	Structural neighbors of a rule slug (equivalents + subsumption stricter / broader): `like:comsvcs_lsass_memory_dump-splunk-sysmon`
`groupby:`	Entity-grouping substring match against `group_by_keys`: `groupby:user`, `groupby:host`
`uses:`	Rules whose predicate tree touches the field (any kind, any value): `uses:CommandLine`
`excludes:`	Rules with top-level `not()` clauses on the field (FP whitelists): `excludes:ParentImage`
`field:` / `value:`	Predicate search; narrows rule cards to those with a matching leaf and drives the indicator tier. Unquoted = substring, wildcards allowed (`value:mimikatz`)
`indicator:`	Shorthand for `field:F value:V`: `indicator:Image=*\powershell.exe`
`kind:`	Filter by predicate kind. Narrows rule cards to those carrying a matching predicate leaf (`vendor:elastic kind:cidr_match`) and drives the indicator tier: `contains` / `starts_with` / `ends_with` / `regex` / `cidr` / `eq` / `in` … (operator aliases `op:`/`match:`)
`has:` / `no:`	`sample`, `field`, `notes`, `refs`, `trace`, `thirdparty`, `rule`, `pattern`, `timewindow`, `threshold`, `newterms`, `sigma`/`elastic`/`splunk`/`kusto`/`chronicle`
`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
`field:"…"` / `value:"…"`	Quoted value = anchored exact match (also allows spaces): `value:"net user"`
`a,b`	Comma = OR inside one operator (`vendor:sigma,elastic`, `severity:high,critical`); repeating a facet merges the same way. `field:`/`value:` never split (literal commas)
`vendors:` / `stage:`	Singular and plural spellings fold to the canonical operator and value: `tactics:` = `tactic:`, `type:event` = `type:events`, `correlation:sequences` = `correlation:sequence`, `has:thresholds` = `has:threshold`
`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)

CloudNGFW By Palo Alto Networks - Threat signatures from Unusual IP addresses

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rule body kusto

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

Let binding: `HistoricalThreats`

Stage 1: `source`

Stage 2: `where`

Stage 3: `extend`

Stage 4: `where`

Stage 5: `where`

Stage 6: `where`

Stage 7: `extend`

Stage 8: `summarize`

Stage 9: `where`

Stage 10: `join` (negated)

Exclusions

Indicators

Output fields

Keyboard shortcuts

Search operators

CloudNGFW By Palo Alto Networks - Threat signatures from Unusual IP addresses

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rule body kusto

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

Let binding: HistoricalThreats

Stage 1: source

Stage 2: where

Stage 3: extend

Stage 4: where

Stage 5: where

Stage 6: where

Stage 7: extend

Stage 8: summarize

Stage 9: where

Stage 10: join (negated)

Exclusions

Indicators

Output fields

Let binding: `HistoricalThreats`

Stage 1: `source`

Stage 2: `where`

Stage 3: `extend`

Stage 4: `where`

Stage 5: `where`

Stage 6: `where`

Stage 7: `extend`

Stage 8: `summarize`

Stage 9: `where`

Stage 10: `join` (negated)