Credential added after admin consented to Application

id: 707494a5-8e44-486b-90f8-155d1797a8eb
name: Credential added after admin consented to Application
description: |
  'This query will identify instances where Service Principal credentials were added to an application by one user after the application was granted admin consent rights by another user.
   If a threat actor obtains access to an account with sufficient privileges and adds the alternate authentication material triggering this event, the threat actor can now authenticate as the Application or Service Principal using this credential.
   Additional information on OAuth Credential Grants can be found in RFC 6749 Section 4.4 or https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/develop/v2-oauth2-client-creds-grant-flow.
   For further information on AuditLogs please see https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/reports-monitoring/reference-audit-activities'
severity: Medium
requiredDataConnectors:
  - connectorId: AzureActiveDirectory
    dataTypes:
      - AuditLogs
queryFrequency: 1d
queryPeriod: 2d
triggerOperator: gt
triggerThreshold: 0
status: Available
tactics:
  - CredentialAccess
  - Persistence
  - PrivilegeEscalation
relevantTechniques:
  - T1555
  - T1098
tags:
  - Solorigate
  - NOBELIUM
query: |
  let auditLookbackStart = 2d;
  let auditLookbackEnd = 1d;
  AuditLogs
  | where TimeGenerated >= ago(auditLookbackStart)
  | where OperationName =~ "Consent to application" 
  | where Result =~ "success"
  | mv-apply TargetResource = TargetResources on 
    (
        where TargetResource.type =~ "ServicePrincipal"
        | extend targetResourceName = tostring(TargetResource.displayName),
                 targetResourceID = tostring(TargetResource.id),
                 targetResourceType = tostring(TargetResource.type),
                 targetModifiedProp = TargetResource.modifiedProperties
    )
  | mv-apply Property = targetModifiedProp on 
    (
        where Property.displayName =~ "ConsentContext.IsAdminConsent"
        | extend isAdminConsent = trim(@'"',tostring(Property.newValue))
    )
  | mv-apply Property = targetModifiedProp on 
    (
        where Property.displayName =~ "ConsentAction.Permissions"
        | extend Consent_TargetPermissions = trim(@'"',tostring(Property.newValue))
    )
  | mv-apply Property = targetModifiedProp on 
    (
        where Property.displayName =~ "TargetId.ServicePrincipalNames"
        | extend Consent_TargetServicePrincipalNames = tostring(extract_all(@"([0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12})",trim(@'"',tostring(Property.newValue)))[0])
    )
  | extend Consent_InitiatingUserOrApp = iff(isnotempty(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName),tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName), tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName))
  | extend Consent_InitiatingAppName = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName)
  | extend Consent_InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.servicePrincipalId)
  | extend Consent_InitiatingUserPrincipalName = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName)
  | extend Consent_InitiatingAadUserId = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.id)
  | extend Consent_InitiatingIpAddress = tostring(iff(isnotempty(InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress), InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress, InitiatedBy.app.ipAddress))
  | join kind=inner ( 
  AuditLogs
  | where TimeGenerated  >= ago(auditLookbackEnd)
  | where OperationName =~ "Add service principal credentials"
  | where Result =~ "success"
  | mv-apply TargetResource = TargetResources on 
    (
        where TargetResource.type =~ "ServicePrincipal"
        | extend targetResourceName = tostring(TargetResource.displayName),
                 targetResourceID = tostring(TargetResource.id),
                 targetModifiedProp = TargetResource.modifiedProperties
    )
  | mv-apply Property = targetModifiedProp on 
    (
        where Property.displayName =~ "KeyDescription"
        | extend Credential_TargetKeyDescription = trim(@'"',tostring(Property.newValue))
    )
  | mv-apply Property = targetModifiedProp on 
    (
        where Property.displayName =~ "Included Updated Properties"
        | extend UpdatedProperties = trim(@'"',tostring(Property.newValue))
    )
  | mv-apply Property = targetModifiedProp on 
    (
        where Property.displayName =~ "TargetId.ServicePrincipalNames"
        | extend Credential_TargetServicePrincipalNames = tostring(extract_all(@"([0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12})",trim(@'"',tostring(Property.newValue)))[0])
    )
  | extend Credential_InitiatingUserOrApp = iff(isnotempty(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName),tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName), tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName))
  | extend Credential_InitiatingAppName = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.displayName)
  | extend Credential_InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId = tostring(InitiatedBy.app.servicePrincipalId)
  | extend Credential_InitiatingUserPrincipalName = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.userPrincipalName)
  | extend Credential_InitiatingAadUserId = tostring(InitiatedBy.user.id)
  | extend Credential_InitiatingIpAddress = tostring(iff(isnotempty(InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress), InitiatedBy.user.ipAddress, InitiatedBy.app.ipAddress))
  ) on targetResourceName, targetResourceID
  | extend TimeConsent = TimeGenerated, TimeCred = TimeGenerated1
  | where TimeConsent < TimeCred 
  | project TimeConsent, TimeCred, targetResourceName, targetResourceType, isAdminConsent, 
  Consent_InitiatingUserOrApp, Consent_TargetServicePrincipalNames, Consent_TargetPermissions,
  Consent_InitiatingAppName, Consent_InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId, Consent_InitiatingUserPrincipalName, Consent_InitiatingAadUserId, Consent_InitiatingIpAddress,
  Credential_InitiatingUserOrApp, Credential_TargetServicePrincipalNames, Credential_TargetKeyDescription,
  Credential_InitiatingAppName, Credential_InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId, Credential_InitiatingUserPrincipalName, Credential_InitiatingAadUserId, Credential_InitiatingIpAddress
  | extend Consent_AccountName = tostring(split(Consent_InitiatingUserPrincipalName, "@")[0]), Consent_UPNSuffix = tostring(split(Consent_InitiatingUserPrincipalName, "@")[1])
  | extend Credential_AccountName = tostring(split(Credential_InitiatingUserPrincipalName, "@")[0]), Credential_UPNSuffix = tostring(split(Credential_InitiatingUserPrincipalName, "@")[1])
entityMappings:
  - entityType: Account
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Name
        columnName: Consent_InitiatingAppName
      - identifier: AadUserId
        columnName: Consent_InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId
  - entityType: Account
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Name
        columnName: Credential_InitiatingAppName
      - identifier: AadUserId
        columnName: Credential_InitiatingAppServicePrincipalId
  - entityType: Account
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: FullName
        columnName: Consent_InitiatingUserPrincipalName
      - identifier: Name
        columnName: Consent_AccountName
      - identifier: UPNSuffix
        columnName: Consent_UPNSuffix
  - entityType: Account
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: AadUserId
        columnName: Consent_InitiatingAadUserId
  - entityType: Account
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: FullName
        columnName: Credential_InitiatingUserPrincipalName
      - identifier: Name
        columnName: Credential_AccountName
      - identifier: UPNSuffix
        columnName: Credential_UPNSuffix
  - entityType: Account
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: AadUserId
        columnName: Credential_InitiatingAadUserId
  - entityType: IP
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Address
        columnName: Consent_InitiatingIpAddress
  - entityType: IP
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Address
        columnName: Credential_InitiatingIpAddress
version: 1.1.1
kind: Scheduled