TI map Domain entity to PaloAlto CommonSecurityLog

Severity: medium
Time window: 14d
Group by: Domain, DomainName, Id, ObservableValue
Source: github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel

Identifies a match in PaloAlto CommonSecurityLog table from any Domain IOC from TI

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Command & Control	`T1071` Application Layer Protocol

Rule body kusto

id: 094a4e6e-1a0d-4d49-9d64-cfc3b01a0be1
name: TI map Domain entity to PaloAlto CommonSecurityLog
description: |
  Identifies a match in PaloAlto CommonSecurityLog table from any Domain IOC from TI
severity: Medium
requiredDataConnectors:
  - connectorId: ThreatIntelligence
    dataTypes:
      - ThreatIntelIndicators
  - connectorId: ThreatIntelligenceTaxii
    dataTypes:
      - ThreatIntelIndicators
  - connectorId: MicrosoftDefenderThreatIntelligence
    dataTypes:
      - ThreatIntelIndicators
queryFrequency: 1h
queryPeriod: 14d
triggerOperator: gt
triggerThreshold: 0
tactics:
  - CommandAndControl
relevantTechniques:
  - T1071
query: |
  let dt_lookBack = 1h; // Look back 1 hour
  let ioc_lookBack = 14d; // Look back 14 days
  // Create a list of top-level domains (TLDs) from the threat feed data for later validation
  let SecurityLog = materialize(
    CommonSecurityLog
      // Filter common security logs based on the specified time range
      | extend IngestionTime = ingestion_time()
      | where IngestionTime > ago(dt_lookBack)
      | where DeviceEventClassID =~ 'url'
      // Uncomment the line below to only alert on allowed connections
      //| where DeviceAction !~ "block-url"
      // Extract the domain from RequestURL, if not present, extract it from AdditionalExtensions
      | extend PA_Url = column_ifexists("RequestURL", "None")
      | extend PA_Url = iif(isempty(PA_Url) and AdditionalExtensions !startswith "PanOS", extract("([^\\\"]+)", 1, tolower(AdditionalExtensions)), trim('"', PA_Url))
      | extend PA_Url = iif(PA_Url !startswith "http://" and ApplicationProtocol !~ "ssl", strcat('http://', PA_Url), iif(PA_Url !startswith "https://" and ApplicationProtocol =~ "ssl", strcat('https://', PA_Url), PA_Url))
      | extend Domain = trim('"', tostring(parse_url(PA_Url).Host))
      | where isnotempty(Domain)
      | extend Domain = tolower(Domain)
      | extend CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated = TimeGenerated
  );
  let LogDomains = SecurityLog | distinct Domain | summarize make_list(Domain);
  // Retrieve threat intelligence indicators within the specified time range
  let Domain_Indicators = materialize(
      ThreatIntelIndicators
      | extend IndicatorType = replace(@"\[|\]|\""", "", tostring(split(ObservableKey, ":", 0)))
      | where IndicatorType == "domain-name"
      | extend DomainName = tolower(IndicatorType)
      | where TimeGenerated >= ago(ioc_lookBack)
      | summarize LatestIndicatorTime = arg_max(TimeGenerated, *) by Id, ObservableValue
      | where IsActive and (ValidUntil > now() or isempty(ValidUntil)));
  // Join threat intelligence indicators with common security logs
  Domain_Indicators | join kind=innerunique (SecurityLog) on $left.DomainName == $right.Domain
  | where CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated < ValidUntil
  | summarize CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated = arg_max(CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated, *) by Id
  | extend Description = tostring(parse_json(Data).description), ActivityGroupNames = tostring(parse_json(Data).activitygroupnames)
  | project CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated, Description, ActivityGroupNames, PA_Url, Domain, Id, ValidUntil, Confidence, DeviceAction, DestinationIP, DestinationPort, DeviceName, SourceIP, SourcePort, ApplicationProtocol, RequestMethod, Type
  | extend timestamp = CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated
entityMappings:
  - entityType: Host
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: HostName
        columnName: DeviceName
  - entityType: IP
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Address
        columnName: SourceIP
  - entityType: URL
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Url
        columnName: PA_Url
version: 1.4.4
kind: Scheduled

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

let dt_lookBack = 1h;
let ioc_lookBack = 14d;

Let binding: `SecurityLog`

let SecurityLog = materialize(
  CommonSecurityLog
    | extend IngestionTime = ingestion_time()
    | where IngestionTime > ago(dt_lookBack)
    | where DeviceEventClassID =~ 'url'
    | extend PA_Url = column_ifexists("RequestURL", "None")
    | extend PA_Url = iif(isempty(PA_Url) and AdditionalExtensions !startswith "PanOS", extract("([^\\\"]+)", 1, tolower(AdditionalExtensions)), trim('"', PA_Url))
    | extend PA_Url = iif(PA_Url !startswith "http://" and ApplicationProtocol !~ "ssl", strcat('http://', PA_Url), iif(PA_Url !startswith "https://" and ApplicationProtocol =~ "ssl", strcat('https://', PA_Url), PA_Url))
    | extend Domain = trim('"', tostring(parse_url(PA_Url).Host))
    | where isnotempty(Domain)
    | extend Domain = tolower(Domain)
    | extend CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated = TimeGenerated
);

Derived from dt_lookBack.

Let binding: `LogDomains`

let LogDomains = SecurityLog | distinct Domain | summarize make_list(Domain);

Derived from SecurityLog.

The stages below define let Domain_Indicators (the rule's main pipeline source).

Stage 1: `source`

ThreatIntelIndicators

Stage 2: `extend`

| extend IndicatorType = replace(@"\[|\]|\""", "", tostring(split(ObservableKey, ":", 0)))

Stage 3: `where`

| where IndicatorType == "domain-name"

Stage 4: `extend`

| extend DomainName = tolower(IndicatorType)

Stage 5: `where`

| where TimeGenerated >= ago(ioc_lookBack)

Stage 6: `summarize`

| summarize LatestIndicatorTime = arg_max(TimeGenerated, *) by Id, ObservableValue

Stage 7: `where`

| where IsActive and (ValidUntil > now() or isempty(ValidUntil))

The stages below run on Domain_Indicators (the outer pipeline).

Stage 8: `join`

Domain_Indicators
| join kind=innerunique (SecurityLog) on $left.DomainName == $right.Domain

Stage 9: `where`

| where CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated < ValidUntil

Stage 10: `summarize`

| summarize CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated = arg_max(CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated, *) by Id

Stage 11: `extend`

| extend Description = tostring(parse_json(Data).description), ActivityGroupNames = tostring(parse_json(Data).activitygroupnames)

Stage 12: `project`

| project CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated, Description, ActivityGroupNames, PA_Url, Domain, Id, ValidUntil, Confidence, DeviceAction, DestinationIP, DestinationPort, DeviceName, SourceIP, SourcePort, ApplicationProtocol, RequestMethod, Type

Stage 13: `extend`

| extend timestamp = CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated`	lt	`ValidUntil` transforms: `cased`
`DeviceEventClassID`	eq	`url`
`Domain`	is_not_null	(no value, null check)
`IndicatorType`	eq	`domain-name` transforms: `cased`
`ValidUntil`	is_null	(no value, null check)

Output fields

Fields the rule emits when it matches. Chronicle authors list these in the outcome block; they appear on the detection and $risk_score drives alerting. Sentinel / Defender XDR rules build them up through project / summarize / extend stages. Sentinel maps these into alert fields via entityMappings and customDetails; Defender XDR custom detections surface them as alert fields directly.

Field	Source
`ActivityGroupNames`	`project`
`ApplicationProtocol`	`project`
`CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated`	`project`
`Confidence`	`project`
`Description`	`project`
`DestinationIP`	`project`
`DestinationPort`	`project`
`DeviceAction`	`project`
`DeviceName`	`project`
`Domain`	`project`
`Id`	`project`
`PA_Url`	`project`
`RequestMethod`	`project`
`SourceIP`	`project`
`SourcePort`	`project`
`Type`	`project`
`ValidUntil`	`project`
`timestamp`	`extend`

`j` / `k`	Scroll down / up
`d` / `u`	Half-page down / up
`gg` / `G`	Top / bottom
`h` / `l`	History back / forward
`f`	Follow link (`Shift` = new tab)
`/`	Focus search
`?`	Toggle this help
`↑` / `↓`	Navigate search results
`Enter`	Open highlighted result
`Esc`	Close results / dialog

`type:`	`events` / `rules` / `providers`
`vendor:`	`sigma` / `elastic` / `splunk` / `kusto` / `chronicle` (vendor name alone also works: `sigma:`, `kql:`, `secops:`…)
`tactic:`	TA-id, slug, or name: `credential_access`, `TA0006`
`technique:`	technique or sub-technique ID: `T1003`, `T1003.001` (alias `tech:`)
`severity:`	`critical` / `high` / `medium` / `low` / `informational` (alias `sev:`)
`risk_score`	Numeric comparison on the Elastic risk score (0 to 100): `risk_score>50`, `risk_score<=20`, `risk_score=99` (alias `risk`; Elastic rules only)
`stages:`	Rules with exactly N pipeline stages
`correlation:`	`single_event` / `sequence` / `alternatives` / `alternatives_cross_log` / `all_required` / `correlated`
`with:`	Co-occurrence event-id; stacks (`with:4624 with:4769`) to require all, while a comma list in one occurrence (`with:4624,4769`) is an either-or group. Implies multi-event
`like:`	Structural neighbors of a rule slug (equivalents + subsumption stricter / broader): `like:comsvcs_lsass_memory_dump-splunk-sysmon`
`groupby:`	Entity-grouping substring match against `group_by_keys`: `groupby:user`, `groupby:host`
`uses:`	Rules whose predicate tree touches the field (any kind, any value): `uses:CommandLine`
`excludes:`	Rules with top-level `not()` clauses on the field (FP whitelists): `excludes:ParentImage`
`field:` / `value:`	Predicate search; narrows rule cards to those with a matching leaf and drives the indicator tier. Unquoted = substring, wildcards allowed (`value:mimikatz`)
`indicator:`	Shorthand for `field:F value:V`: `indicator:Image=*\powershell.exe`
`kind:`	Filter by predicate kind. Narrows rule cards to those carrying a matching predicate leaf (`vendor:elastic kind:cidr_match`) and drives the indicator tier: `contains` / `starts_with` / `ends_with` / `regex` / `cidr` / `eq` / `in` … (operator aliases `op:`/`match:`)
`has:` / `no:`	`sample`, `field`, `notes`, `refs`, `trace`, `thirdparty`, `rule`, `pattern`, `timewindow`, `threshold`, `newterms`, `sigma`/`elastic`/`splunk`/`kusto`/`chronicle`
`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
`field:"…"` / `value:"…"`	Quoted value = anchored exact match (also allows spaces): `value:"net user"`
`a,b`	Comma = OR inside one operator (`vendor:sigma,elastic`, `severity:high,critical`); repeating a facet merges the same way. `field:`/`value:` never split (literal commas)
`vendors:` / `stage:`	Singular and plural spellings fold to the canonical operator and value: `tactics:` = `tactic:`, `type:event` = `type:events`, `correlation:sequences` = `correlation:sequence`, `has:thresholds` = `has:threshold`
`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)

TI map Domain entity to PaloAlto CommonSecurityLog

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rule body kusto

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

Let binding: `SecurityLog`

Let binding: `LogDomains`

Stage 1: `source`

Stage 2: `extend`

Stage 3: `where`

Stage 4: `extend`

Stage 5: `where`

Stage 6: `summarize`

Stage 7: `where`

Stage 8: `join`

Stage 9: `where`

Stage 10: `summarize`

Stage 11: `extend`

Stage 12: `project`

Stage 13: `extend`

Indicators

Output fields

Keyboard shortcuts

Search operators

TI map Domain entity to PaloAlto CommonSecurityLog

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rule body kusto

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

Let binding: SecurityLog

Let binding: LogDomains

Stage 1: source

Stage 2: extend

Stage 3: where

Stage 4: extend

Stage 5: where

Stage 6: summarize

Stage 7: where

Stage 8: join

Stage 9: where

Stage 10: summarize

Stage 11: extend

Stage 12: project

Stage 13: extend

Indicators

Output fields

Let binding: `SecurityLog`

Let binding: `LogDomains`

Stage 1: `source`

Stage 2: `extend`

Stage 3: `where`

Stage 4: `extend`

Stage 5: `where`

Stage 6: `summarize`

Stage 7: `where`

Stage 8: `join`

Stage 9: `where`

Stage 10: `summarize`

Stage 11: `extend`

Stage 12: `project`

Stage 13: `extend`