Detection rules › Kusto

VMware ESXi - Multiple Failed Shell Login via SSH

Status
available
Severity
medium
Time window
10m
Group by
DstHostname, SrcIpAddr
Source
github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel

Identifies a failed ESXi Shell login via SSH in a short TimeFrame. This could be suspicious activity especially if this alert is seen triggering many times within a short time frame which could be evidence of a brute-force attack. TriggerThreshold can be adapted.

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

TacticTechniques
Credential AccessT1110 Brute Force

Rule body kusto

id: 22d177d5-588c-4f1a-a332-2695f52079bb
name: VMware ESXi - Multiple Failed Shell Login via SSH
description: |
 Identifies a failed ESXi Shell login via SSH in a short TimeFrame. This could be suspicious activity especially if this alert is seen triggering many times within a short time frame which could be evidence of a brute-force attack. TriggerThreshold can be adapted. 
severity: Medium
status: Available
requiredDataConnectors:
  - connectorId: SyslogAma
    datatypes:
      - Syslog
queryFrequency: 10m
queryPeriod: 10m
triggerOperator: gt
triggerThreshold: 0
tactics:
  - CredentialAccess
relevantTechniques:
  - T1110
query: |
  // To Adapt to your environment
  let triggerThreshold = 10;
  VMwareESXi
  | where SyslogMessage has "sshd"
  | where SyslogMessage contains "authentication failure"
  | extend SrcUsername = extract(@'\[info\]\s+\[(.*?)\]', 1, SyslogMessage)
  | extend DstHostname = extract(@'\[\d+\]\s+\[(.*?)\s+on', 1, SyslogMessage)
  | extend SrcIpAddr = extract(@'\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3})', 1, SyslogMessage)
  | summarize make_set(SrcUsername),count() by SrcIpAddr,DstHostname
  | where count_ >= triggerThreshold
  | extend HostCustomEntity = DstHostname
entityMappings:
  - entityType: Host
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: FullName
        columnName: HostCustomEntity
  - entityType: IP
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Address
        columnName: SrcIpAddr
version: 1.0.0
kind: Scheduled

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

let triggerThreshold = 10;

Stage 1: source

VMwareESXi

Stage 2: where

| where SyslogMessage has "sshd"

Stage 3: where

| where SyslogMessage contains "authentication failure"

Stage 4: extend (3 consecutive steps)

| extend SrcUsername = extract(@'\[info\]\s+\[(.*?)\]', 1, SyslogMessage)
| extend DstHostname = extract(@'\[\d+\]\s+\[(.*?)\s+on', 1, SyslogMessage)
| extend SrcIpAddr = extract(@'\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3})', 1, SyslogMessage)

Stage 5: summarize

| summarize make_set(SrcUsername),count() by SrcIpAddr,DstHostname

Stage 6: where

| where count_ >= triggerThreshold

Stage 7: extend

| extend HostCustomEntity = DstHostname

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

FieldKindValues
SyslogMessagecontains
  • authentication failure
SyslogMessagematch
  • sshd transforms: term
count_ge
  • 10 transforms: cased

Output fields

Fields the rule emits when it matches. Chronicle authors list these in the outcome block; they appear on the detection and $risk_score drives alerting. Sentinel / Defender XDR rules build them up through project / summarize / extend stages. Sentinel maps these into alert fields via entityMappings and customDetails; Defender XDR custom detections surface them as alert fields directly.

FieldSource
DstHostnamesummarize
SrcIpAddrsummarize
HostCustomEntityextend