TI Map URL Entity to PaloAlto Data

Severity: medium
Time window: 14d
Group by: Id, ObservableValue, PA_Url, Url
Source: github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel

'This query identifies any URL indicators of compromise (IOCs) from threat intelligence (TI) by searching for matches in PaloAlto Data.'

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Command & Control	`T1071` Application Layer Protocol

Rule body kusto

id: 32b437c4-dddb-45b3-9aae-5188e80624b0
name: TI Map URL Entity to PaloAlto Data
description: |
  'This query identifies any URL indicators of compromise (IOCs) from threat intelligence (TI) by searching for matches in PaloAlto Data.'
severity: Medium
requiredDataConnectors:
  - connectorId: PaloAltoNetworks
    dataTypes:
      - CommonSecurityLog
  - connectorId: ThreatIntelligence
    dataTypes:
      - ThreatIntelIndicators
  - connectorId: ThreatIntelligenceTaxii
    dataTypes:
      - ThreatIntelIndicators
  - connectorId: MicrosoftDefenderThreatIntelligence
    dataTypes:
      - ThreatIntelIndicators
queryFrequency: 1h
queryPeriod: 14d
triggerOperator: gt
triggerThreshold: 0
tactics:
  - CommandAndControl
relevantTechniques:
  - T1071
query: |
  let dt_lookBack = 1h;
  let ioc_lookBack = 14d;
  ThreatIntelIndicators
  //extract key part of kv pair
  | extend IndicatorType = replace(@"\[|\]|\""", "", tostring(split(ObservableKey, ":", 0)))
  | where IndicatorType == "url"
  | extend Url = ObservableValue
  | extend TrafficLightProtocolLevel = tostring(parse_json(AdditionalFields).TLPLevel)
  // Picking up only IOC's that contain the entities we want
  | where TimeGenerated >= ago(ioc_lookBack)
  | summarize LatestIndicatorTime = arg_max(TimeGenerated, *) by Id, ObservableValue
  | where IsActive and (ValidUntil > now() or isempty(ValidUntil))
     | project-reorder *, Tags, TrafficLightProtocolLevel, Url, Type
  // using innerunique to keep perf fast and result set low, we only need one match to indicate potential malicious activity that needs to be investigated
  | join kind=innerunique (
    CommonSecurityLog
    | extend IngestionTime = ingestion_time()
    | where IngestionTime > ago(dt_lookBack)
    // Select on Palo Alto logs
    | where DeviceVendor =~ "Palo Alto Networks"
    | where DeviceEventClassID =~ 'url'
    //Uncomment the line below to only alert on allowed connections
    //| where DeviceAction !~ "block-url"
    //Select logs where URL data is populated
    | extend PA_Url = column_ifexists("RequestURL", "None")
    | extend PA_Url = iif(isempty(PA_Url), extract("([^\"]+)", 1, tolower(AdditionalExtensions)), trim('"', PA_Url))
    | extend PA_Url = iif(PA_Url !startswith "http://" and ApplicationProtocol !~ "ssl", strcat('http://', PA_Url), iif(PA_Url !startswith "https://" and ApplicationProtocol =~ "ssl", strcat('https://', PA_Url), PA_Url))
    | where isnotempty(PA_Url)
    | extend CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated = TimeGenerated
  ) on $left.Url == $right.PA_Url
  | where CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated < ValidUntil
  | extend Description = tostring(parse_json(Data).description)
  | extend ActivityGroupNames = extract(@"ActivityGroup:(\S+)", 1, tostring(parse_json(Data).labels))
  | summarize CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated = arg_max(CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated, *) by Id, PA_Url
  | project timestamp = CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated, Description, ActivityGroupNames, Id, Type, ValidUntil, Confidence, DeviceAction, SourceIP, PA_Url, DeviceName
entityMappings:
  - entityType: Host
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: HostName
        columnName: DeviceName
  - entityType: IP
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Address
        columnName: SourceIP
  - entityType: URL
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Url
        columnName: PA_Url
version: 1.2.7
kind: Scheduled

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

let dt_lookBack = 1h;
let ioc_lookBack = 14d;

Stage 1: `source`

ThreatIntelIndicators

Stage 2: `extend`

| extend IndicatorType = replace(@"\[|\]|\""", "", tostring(split(ObservableKey, ":", 0)))

Stage 3: `where`

| where IndicatorType == "url"

Stage 4: `extend`

| extend Url = ObservableValue

Stage 5: `extend`

| extend TrafficLightProtocolLevel = tostring(parse_json(AdditionalFields).TLPLevel)

Stage 6: `where`

| where TimeGenerated >= ago(ioc_lookBack)

Stage 7: `summarize`

| summarize LatestIndicatorTime = arg_max(TimeGenerated, *) by Id, ObservableValue

Stage 8: `where`

| where IsActive and (ValidUntil > now() or isempty(ValidUntil))

Stage 9: `project-reorder`

| project-reorder *, Tags, TrafficLightProtocolLevel, Url, Type

Stage 10: `join`

| join kind=innerunique (
  CommonSecurityLog
  | extend IngestionTime = ingestion_time()
  | where IngestionTime > ago(dt_lookBack)
  | where DeviceVendor =~ "Palo Alto Networks"
  | where DeviceEventClassID =~ 'url'
  | extend PA_Url = column_ifexists("RequestURL", "None")
  | extend PA_Url = iif(isempty(PA_Url), extract("([^\"]+)", 1, tolower(AdditionalExtensions)), trim('"', PA_Url))
  | extend PA_Url = iif(PA_Url !startswith "http://" and ApplicationProtocol !~ "ssl", strcat('http://', PA_Url), iif(PA_Url !startswith "https://" and ApplicationProtocol =~ "ssl", strcat('https://', PA_Url), PA_Url))
  | where isnotempty(PA_Url)
  | extend CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated = TimeGenerated
) on $left.Url == $right.PA_Url

Stage 11: `where`

| where CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated < ValidUntil

Stage 12: `extend`

| extend Description = tostring(parse_json(Data).description)

Stage 13: `extend`

| extend ActivityGroupNames = extract(@"ActivityGroup:(\S+)", 1, tostring(parse_json(Data).labels))

Stage 14: `summarize`

| summarize CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated = arg_max(CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated, *) by Id, PA_Url

Stage 15: `project`

| project timestamp = CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated, Description, ActivityGroupNames, Id, Type, ValidUntil, Confidence, DeviceAction, SourceIP, PA_Url, DeviceName

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`CommonSecurityLog_TimeGenerated`	lt	`ValidUntil` transforms: `cased`
`DeviceEventClassID`	eq	`url`
`DeviceVendor`	eq	`Palo Alto Networks`
`IndicatorType`	eq	`url` transforms: `cased`
`PA_Url`	is_not_null	(no value, null check)
`ValidUntil`	is_null	(no value, null check)

Output fields

Fields the rule emits when it matches. Chronicle authors list these in the outcome block; they appear on the detection and $risk_score drives alerting. Sentinel / Defender XDR rules build them up through project / summarize / extend stages. Sentinel maps these into alert fields via entityMappings and customDetails; Defender XDR custom detections surface them as alert fields directly.

Field	Source
`ActivityGroupNames`	`project`
`Confidence`	`project`
`Description`	`project`
`DeviceAction`	`project`
`DeviceName`	`project`
`Id`	`project`
`PA_Url`	`project`
`SourceIP`	`project`
`Type`	`project`
`ValidUntil`	`project`
`timestamp`	`project`

`j` / `k`	Scroll down / up
`d` / `u`	Half-page down / up
`gg` / `G`	Top / bottom
`h` / `l`	History back / forward
`f`	Follow link (`Shift` = new tab)
`/`	Focus search
`?`	Toggle this help
`↑` / `↓`	Navigate search results
`Enter`	Open highlighted result
`Esc`	Close results / dialog

`type:`	`events` / `rules` / `providers`
`vendor:`	`sigma` / `elastic` / `splunk` / `kusto` / `chronicle` (vendor name alone also works: `sigma:`, `kql:`, `secops:`…)
`tactic:`	TA-id, slug, or name: `credential_access`, `TA0006`
`technique:`	technique or sub-technique ID: `T1003`, `T1003.001` (alias `tech:`)
`severity:`	`critical` / `high` / `medium` / `low` / `informational` (alias `sev:`)
`risk_score`	Numeric comparison on the Elastic risk score (0 to 100): `risk_score>50`, `risk_score<=20`, `risk_score=99` (alias `risk`; Elastic rules only)
`stages:`	Rules with exactly N pipeline stages
`correlation:`	`single_event` / `sequence` / `alternatives` / `alternatives_cross_log` / `all_required` / `correlated`
`with:`	Co-occurrence event-id; stacks (`with:4624 with:4769`) to require all, while a comma list in one occurrence (`with:4624,4769`) is an either-or group. Implies multi-event
`like:`	Structural neighbors of a rule slug (equivalents + subsumption stricter / broader): `like:comsvcs_lsass_memory_dump-splunk-sysmon`
`groupby:`	Entity-grouping substring match against `group_by_keys`: `groupby:user`, `groupby:host`
`uses:`	Rules whose predicate tree touches the field (any kind, any value): `uses:CommandLine`
`excludes:`	Rules with top-level `not()` clauses on the field (FP whitelists): `excludes:ParentImage`
`field:` / `value:`	Predicate search; narrows rule cards to those with a matching leaf and drives the indicator tier. Unquoted = substring, wildcards allowed (`value:mimikatz`)
`indicator:`	Shorthand for `field:F value:V`: `indicator:Image=*\powershell.exe`
`kind:`	Filter by predicate kind. Narrows rule cards to those carrying a matching predicate leaf (`vendor:elastic kind:cidr_match`) and drives the indicator tier: `contains` / `starts_with` / `ends_with` / `regex` / `cidr` / `eq` / `in` … (operator aliases `op:`/`match:`)
`has:` / `no:`	`sample`, `field`, `notes`, `refs`, `trace`, `thirdparty`, `rule`, `pattern`, `timewindow`, `threshold`, `newterms`, `sigma`/`elastic`/`splunk`/`kusto`/`chronicle`
`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
`field:"…"` / `value:"…"`	Quoted value = anchored exact match (also allows spaces): `value:"net user"`
`a,b`	Comma = OR inside one operator (`vendor:sigma,elastic`, `severity:high,critical`); repeating a facet merges the same way. `field:`/`value:` never split (literal commas)
`vendors:` / `stage:`	Singular and plural spellings fold to the canonical operator and value: `tactics:` = `tactic:`, `type:event` = `type:events`, `correlation:sequences` = `correlation:sequence`, `has:thresholds` = `has:threshold`
`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)

TI Map URL Entity to PaloAlto Data

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rule body kusto

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

Stage 1: `source`

Stage 2: `extend`

Stage 3: `where`

Stage 4: `extend`

Stage 5: `extend`

Stage 6: `where`

Stage 7: `summarize`

Stage 8: `where`

Stage 9: `project-reorder`

Stage 10: `join`

Stage 11: `where`

Stage 12: `extend`

Stage 13: `extend`

Stage 14: `summarize`

Stage 15: `project`

Indicators

Output fields

Keyboard shortcuts

Search operators

TI Map URL Entity to PaloAlto Data

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rule body kusto

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

Stage 1: source

Stage 2: extend

Stage 3: where

Stage 4: extend

Stage 5: extend

Stage 6: where

Stage 7: summarize

Stage 8: where

Stage 9: project-reorder

Stage 10: join

Stage 11: where

Stage 12: extend

Stage 13: extend

Stage 14: summarize

Stage 15: project

Indicators

Output fields

Stage 1: `source`

Stage 2: `extend`

Stage 3: `where`

Stage 4: `extend`

Stage 5: `extend`

Stage 6: `where`

Stage 7: `summarize`

Stage 8: `where`

Stage 9: `project-reorder`

Stage 10: `join`

Stage 11: `where`

Stage 12: `extend`

Stage 13: `extend`

Stage 14: `summarize`

Stage 15: `project`