TI Map URL Entity to UrlClickEvents

Severity: medium
Time window: 14d
Group by: Id, ObservableValue, TI_Url, Url, UrlChain
Source: github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel

'This query identifies any URL indicators of compromise (IOCs) from threat intelligence (TI) by searching for matches in UrlClickEvents.'

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Command & Control	`T1071` Application Layer Protocol

Rule body kusto

id: ad4fa1f2-2189-459c-9458-f77d2039d2f5
name: TI Map URL Entity to UrlClickEvents
description: |
  'This query identifies any URL indicators of compromise (IOCs) from threat intelligence (TI) by searching for matches in UrlClickEvents.'
severity: Medium
requiredDataConnectors:
  - connectorId: MicrosoftThreatProtection
    dataTypes:
      - UrlClickEvents
  - connectorId: ThreatIntelligence
    dataTypes:
      - ThreatIntelIndicators
  - connectorId: ThreatIntelligenceTaxii
    dataTypes:
      - ThreatIntelIndicators
  - connectorId: MicrosoftDefenderThreatIntelligence
    dataTypes:
      - ThreatIntelIndicators
queryFrequency: 1h
queryPeriod: 14d
triggerOperator: gt
triggerThreshold: 0
tactics:
  - CommandAndControl
relevantTechniques:
  - T1071
query: |
  let dt_lookBack = 1h;
  let ioc_lookBack = 14d;
  let UrlClickEvents_ = materialize(UrlClickEvents
      | where TimeGenerated >= ago(dt_lookBack)
      | extend UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated = TimeGenerated);
  let ChainReportID = UrlClickEvents_
      | mv-expand todynamic(UrlChain)
      | extend UrlChain = tolower(UrlChain)
      | project ReportId, Url, UrlChain;
  // Url is not always in UrlChain, so we need to check both
  let ClickedUrls = 
    (union isfuzzy=false (ChainReportID), (ChainReportID | project Url = UrlChain))
    | distinct Url
    | summarize make_list(Url);
  let TI = materialize(ThreatIntelIndicators
  //extract key part of kv pair
  | extend IndicatorType = replace(@"\[|\]|\""", "", tostring(split(ObservableKey, ":", 0)))
  | where IndicatorType == "url"
  | extend Url = ObservableValue
    | extend TrafficLightProtocolLevel = tostring(parse_json(AdditionalFields).TLPLevel)
    | where TimeGenerated >= ago(ioc_lookBack)
    | where tolower(Url) in (ClickedUrls)
    | summarize LatestIndicatorTime = arg_max(TimeGenerated, *) by Id, ObservableValue
    | where IsActive and (ValidUntil > now() or isempty(ValidUntil))
    | project-rename TI_Url = Url, TI_Type = Type
    );
  (union isfuzzy=false (TI | join kind=innerunique (ChainReportID) on $left.TI_Url == $right.UrlChain),
    (TI | join kind=innerunique (ChainReportID) on $left.TI_Url == $right.Url))
  | project-away UrlChain
  | join kind=innerunique (UrlClickEvents_) on ReportId
  | where UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated < ValidUntil
  | summarize UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated = arg_max(UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated, *) by Id
  | extend Description = tostring(parse_json(Data).description)
  | extend ActivityGroupNames = extract(@"ActivityGroup:(\S+)", 1, tostring(parse_json(Data).labels))
  | project UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated, AccountUpn, Description, ActivityGroupNames, Id, Type, ValidUntil, Confidence, Url, NetworkMessageId
  | extend timestamp = UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated
  | extend timestamp = UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated, Name = tostring(split(AccountUpn, '@', 0)), UPNSuffix = tostring(split(AccountUpn, '@', 1))
entityMappings:
  - entityType: Account
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: FullName
        columnName: AccountUpn
      - identifier: Name
        columnName: Name
      - identifier: UPNSuffix
        columnName: UPNSuffix
  - entityType: URL
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: Url
        columnName: Url
version: 1.0.5
kind: Scheduled

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

let dt_lookBack = 1h;
let ioc_lookBack = 14d;

Let binding: `UrlClickEvents_`

let UrlClickEvents_ = materialize(UrlClickEvents
    | where TimeGenerated >= ago(dt_lookBack)
    | extend UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated = TimeGenerated);

Derived from dt_lookBack.

Let binding: `ChainReportID`

let ChainReportID = UrlClickEvents_
    | mv-expand todynamic(UrlChain)
    | extend UrlChain = tolower(UrlChain)
    | project ReportId, Url, UrlChain;

Derived from UrlClickEvents_.

Let binding: `ClickedUrls`

let ClickedUrls = (union isfuzzy=false (ChainReportID), (ChainReportID | project Url = UrlChain))
  | distinct Url
  | summarize make_list(Url);

Derived from ChainReportID.

Let binding: `TI`

let TI = materialize(ThreatIntelIndicators
| extend IndicatorType = replace(@"\[|\]|\""", "", tostring(split(ObservableKey, ":", 0)))
| where IndicatorType == "url"
| extend Url = ObservableValue
  | extend TrafficLightProtocolLevel = tostring(parse_json(AdditionalFields).TLPLevel)
  | where TimeGenerated >= ago(ioc_lookBack)
  | where tolower(Url) in (ClickedUrls)
  | summarize LatestIndicatorTime = arg_max(TimeGenerated, *) by Id, ObservableValue
  | where IsActive and (ValidUntil > now() or isempty(ValidUntil))
  | project-rename TI_Url = Url, TI_Type = Type
  );

Derived from ioc_lookBack, ClickedUrls.

union `isfuzzy=false` (2 sources)

Each leg below queries one source; the rule matches if any leg does. Sources: TI, TI

Leg 1: `TI`

TI | join kind=innerunique (ChainReportID) on $left.TI_Url == $right.UrlChain

Leg 2: `TI`

TI | join kind=innerunique (ChainReportID) on $left.TI_Url == $right.Url

Applied to the combined result

| project-away UrlChain
| join kind=innerunique (UrlClickEvents_) on ReportId
| where UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated < ValidUntil
| summarize UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated = arg_max(UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated, *) by Id
| extend Description = tostring(parse_json(Data).description)
| extend ActivityGroupNames = extract(@"ActivityGroup:(\S+)", 1, tostring(parse_json(Data).labels))
| project UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated, AccountUpn, Description, ActivityGroupNames, Id, Type, ValidUntil, Confidence, Url, NetworkMessageId
| extend timestamp = UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated
| extend timestamp = UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated, Name = tostring(split(AccountUpn, '@', 0)), UPNSuffix = tostring(split(AccountUpn, '@', 1))

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`IndicatorType`	eq	`url` transforms: `cased` corpus 11 (kusto 11)
`Url`	in	`ClickedUrls` transforms: `tolower`, `cased` corpus 2 (kusto 2)
`UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated`	lt	`ValidUntil` transforms: `cased`
`ValidUntil`	is_null	(no value, null check)

Output fields

Fields the rule emits when it matches. Chronicle authors list these in the outcome block; they appear on the detection and $risk_score drives alerting. Sentinel / Defender XDR rules build them up through project / summarize / extend stages. Sentinel maps these into alert fields via entityMappings and customDetails; Defender XDR custom detections surface them as alert fields directly.

Field	Source
`AccountUpn`	`project`
`ActivityGroupNames`	`project`
`Confidence`	`project`
`Description`	`project`
`Id`	`project`
`NetworkMessageId`	`project`
`Type`	`project`
`Url`	`project`
`UrlClickEvents_TimeGenerated`	`project`
`ValidUntil`	`project`
`timestamp`	`extend`
`Name`	`extend`
`UPNSuffix`	`extend`

`j` / `k`	Scroll down / up
`d` / `u`	Half-page down / up
`gg` / `G`	Top / bottom
`h` / `l`	History back / forward
`f`	Follow link (`Shift` = new tab)
`/`	Focus search
`?`	Toggle this help
`↑` / `↓`	Navigate search results
`Enter`	Open highlighted result
`Esc`	Close results / dialog

`type:`	`events` / `rules` / `providers`
`vendor:`	`sigma` / `elastic` / `splunk` / `kusto` / `chronicle` (vendor name alone also works: `sigma:`, `kql:`, `secops:`…)
`tactic:`	TA-id, slug, or name: `credential_access`, `TA0006`
`technique:`	technique or sub-technique ID: `T1003`, `T1003.001` (alias `tech:`)
`severity:`	`critical` / `high` / `medium` / `low` / `informational` (alias `sev:`)
`risk_score`	Numeric comparison on the Elastic risk score (0 to 100): `risk_score>50`, `risk_score<=20`, `risk_score=99` (alias `risk`; Elastic rules only)
`stages:`	Rules with exactly N pipeline stages
`correlation:`	`single_event` / `sequence` / `alternatives` / `alternatives_cross_log` / `all_required` / `correlated`
`with:`	Co-occurrence event-id; stacks (`with:4624 with:4769`) to require all, while a comma list in one occurrence (`with:4624,4769`) is an either-or group. Implies multi-event
`like:`	Structural neighbors of a rule slug (equivalents + subsumption stricter / broader): `like:comsvcs_lsass_memory_dump-splunk-sysmon`
`groupby:`	Entity-grouping substring match against `group_by_keys`: `groupby:user`, `groupby:host`
`uses:`	Rules whose predicate tree touches the field (any kind, any value): `uses:CommandLine`
`excludes:`	Rules with top-level `not()` clauses on the field (FP whitelists): `excludes:ParentImage`
`field:` / `value:`	Predicate search; narrows rule cards to those with a matching leaf and drives the indicator tier. Unquoted = substring, wildcards allowed (`value:mimikatz`)
`indicator:`	Shorthand for `field:F value:V`: `indicator:Image=*\powershell.exe`
`kind:`	Filter by predicate kind. Narrows rule cards to those carrying a matching predicate leaf (`vendor:elastic kind:cidr_match`) and drives the indicator tier: `contains` / `starts_with` / `ends_with` / `regex` / `cidr` / `eq` / `in` … (operator aliases `op:`/`match:`)
`has:` / `no:`	`sample`, `field`, `notes`, `refs`, `trace`, `thirdparty`, `rule`, `pattern`, `timewindow`, `threshold`, `newterms`, `sigma`/`elastic`/`splunk`/`kusto`/`chronicle`
`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
`field:"…"` / `value:"…"`	Quoted value = anchored exact match (also allows spaces): `value:"net user"`
`a,b`	Comma = OR inside one operator (`vendor:sigma,elastic`, `severity:high,critical`); repeating a facet merges the same way. `field:`/`value:` never split (literal commas)
`vendors:` / `stage:`	Singular and plural spellings fold to the canonical operator and value: `tactics:` = `tactic:`, `type:event` = `type:events`, `correlation:sequences` = `correlation:sequence`, `has:thresholds` = `has:threshold`
`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)

TI Map URL Entity to UrlClickEvents

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rule body kusto

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

Let binding: `UrlClickEvents_`

Let binding: `ChainReportID`

Let binding: `ClickedUrls`

Let binding: `TI`

union `isfuzzy=false` (2 sources)

Leg 1: `TI`

Leg 2: `TI`

Applied to the combined result

Indicators

Output fields

Keyboard shortcuts

Search operators

TI Map URL Entity to UrlClickEvents

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rule body kusto

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

Let binding: UrlClickEvents_

Let binding: ChainReportID

Let binding: ClickedUrls

Let binding: TI

union isfuzzy=false (2 sources)

Leg 1: TI

Leg 2: TI

Applied to the combined result

Indicators

Output fields

Let binding: `UrlClickEvents_`

Let binding: `ChainReportID`

Let binding: `ClickedUrls`

Let binding: `TI`

union `isfuzzy=false` (2 sources)

Leg 1: `TI`

Leg 2: `TI`