User login from different countries within 3 hours (Uses Authentication Normalization)

Severity: high
Time window: 3h
Group by: TargetUserId, TargetUserType, TargetUsername
Author: Ofer Shezaf
Source: github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel

This query searches for successful user logins from different countries within 3 hours. To use this analytics rule, make sure you have deployed the ASIM normalization parsers

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Initial Access	`T1078` Valid Accounts

Telemetry coverage

Provider	Record / event type
Security-Auditing	Event ID 4624: An account was successfully logged on.
Security-Auditing	Event ID 4625: An account failed to log on.
Security-Auditing	Event ID 4634: An account was logged off.

Rule body

id: 09ec8fa2-b25f-4696-bfae-05a7b85d7b9e
name: User login from different countries within 3 hours (Uses Authentication Normalization)
description: |
  'This query searches for successful user logins from different countries within 3 hours.
   To use this analytics rule, make sure you have deployed the [ASIM normalization parsers](https://aka.ms/ASimAuthentication)'
severity: High
requiredDataConnectors: []
queryFrequency: 3h
queryPeriod: 3h
triggerOperator: gt
triggerThreshold: 0
tactics:
  - InitialAccess 
relevantTechniques:
  - T1078
tags:
  - Id: 2954d424-f786-4677-9ffc-c24c44c6e7d5
    version: 1.0.0
  - Schema: ASIMAuthentication
    SchemaVersion: 0.1.0
query: |
  let timeframe = ago(3h);
  let threshold = 2;
  imAuthentication
  | where TimeGenerated > timeframe
  | where EventType == 'Logon'
      and EventResult == 'Success'
  | where isnotempty(SrcGeoCountry)
  | summarize
      StartTime        = min(TimeGenerated)
      , EndTime        = max(TimeGenerated)
      , Vendors        = make_set(EventVendor, 128)
      , Products       = make_set(EventProduct, 128)
      , NumOfCountries = dcount(SrcGeoCountry)
      , Countries      = make_set(SrcGeoCountry, 128)
      by TargetUserId, TargetUsername, TargetUserType
  | where NumOfCountries >= threshold
  | where TargetUserType !in ("Application", "Service", "System", "Other", "Machine", "ServicePrincipal")
  | extend
    Name = iif(
        TargetUsername contains "@"
            , tostring(split(TargetUsername, '@', 0)[0])
            , TargetUsername
        ),
    UPNSuffix = iif(
        TargetUsername contains "@"
        , tostring(split(TargetUsername, '@', 1)[0])
        , ""
    )
entityMappings:
  - entityType: Account
    fieldMappings:
      - identifier: FullName
        columnName: TargetUserName
      - identifier: Name
        columnName: Name
      - identifier: UPNSuffix
        columnName: UPNSuffix
version: 1.2.5
kind: Scheduled
metadata:
    source:
        kind: Community
    author:
        name: Ofer Shezaf
    support:
        tier: Community
    categories:
        domains: [ "Security - Network" ]

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

let timeframe = ago(3h);
let threshold = 2;

Stage 1: `source`

imAuthentication

Stage 2: `where`

| where TimeGenerated > timeframe

Stage 3: `where`

| where EventType == 'Logon'
    and EventResult == 'Success'

Stage 4: `where`

| where isnotempty(SrcGeoCountry)

Stage 5: `summarize`

| summarize
    StartTime        = min(TimeGenerated)
    , EndTime        = max(TimeGenerated)
    , Vendors        = make_set(EventVendor, 128)
    , Products       = make_set(EventProduct, 128)
    , NumOfCountries = dcount(SrcGeoCountry)
    , Countries      = make_set(SrcGeoCountry, 128)
    by TargetUserId, TargetUsername, TargetUserType

Stage 6: `where`

| where NumOfCountries >= threshold

Stage 7: `where`

| where TargetUserType !in ("Application", "Service", "System", "Other", "Machine", "ServicePrincipal")

Stage 8: `extend`

| extend
  Name = iif(
      TargetUsername contains "@"
          , tostring(split(TargetUsername, '@', 0)[0])
          , TargetUsername
      ),
  UPNSuffix = iif(
      TargetUsername contains "@"
      , tostring(split(TargetUsername, '@', 1)[0])
      , ""
  )

Exclusions

The rule actively suppresses these predicates.

Field	Kind	Excluded values	Search
`TargetUserType`	in	`Application`, `Machine`, `Other`, `Service`, `ServicePrincipal`, `System`	`excludes:TargetUserType`

Indicators

These rows show field, operator, and value matches.

Field	Kind	Values	Search
`EventResult`	eq	`Success` corpus 2 (kusto 2)	`field:"EventResult" kind:eq value:"Success"`
`EventType`	eq	`Logon` corpus 2 (kusto 2)	`field:"ElevatedToken" kind:eq value:"Logon"`
`NumOfCountries`	ge	`2` corpus 3 (kusto 3)	`field:"NumOfCountries" kind:ge value:"2"`
`SrcGeoCountry`	is_not_null	(no value, null check)	`field:"SrcGeoCountry" kind:is_not_null`
`TimeGenerated`	cross_field_compare	`timeframe` transforms: `op:gt` corpus 2 (kusto 2)	`field:"TimeGenerated" kind:cross_field_compare value:"timeframe"`

Output fields

These fields are emitted when the rule matches.

Field	Source
`Countries`	`summarize`
`EndTime`	`summarize`
`NumOfCountries`	`summarize`
`Products`	`summarize`
`StartTime`	`summarize`
`TargetUserId`	`summarize`
`TargetUserType`	`summarize`
`TargetUsername`	`summarize`
`Vendors`	`summarize`
`Name`	`extend`
`UPNSuffix`	`extend`

User login from different countries within 3 hours (Uses Authentication Normalization)

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Telemetry coverage

Rule body

Stages and Predicates

Parameters

Stage 1: source

Stage 2: where

Stage 3: where

Stage 4: where

Stage 5: summarize

Stage 6: where

Stage 7: where

Stage 8: extend