S3 Bucket Logging Disabled

Severity: low
Log types: AWS.CloudTrail
Tags: AWS, Defense Evasion, Impact:Data Destruction
Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/ServerLogs.html
Source: github.com/panther-labs/panther-analysis

Detects when server access logging is disabled on an S3 bucket, removing audit trail capabilities that could indicate ransomware preparation activity or an attempt to evade detection.

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Stealth	`T1562` Impair Defenses
Impact	`T1485` Data Destruction

Rules detecting the same action

Other rules on this platform that filter on the same API call or operation.

AWS S3 Bucket Server Access Logging Disabled (Elastic)
AWS S3 Data Management Tampering (Sigma)
AWS S3 Security Control Disabling (Panther)

Rule body yaml

AnalysisType: rule
Filename: aws_s3_disable_bucket_logging.py
RuleID: "AWS.S3.DisableBucketLogging"
DisplayName: "S3 Bucket Logging Disabled"
Enabled: true
CreateAlert: false
LogTypes:
  - AWS.CloudTrail
Tags:
  - AWS
  - Defense Evasion
  - Impact:Data Destruction
Reports:
  MITRE ATT&CK:
    - TA0005:T1562
    - TA0040:T1485
Severity: Low
Description: Detects when server access logging is disabled on an S3 bucket, removing audit trail capabilities that could indicate ransomware preparation activity or an attempt to evade detection.
Runbook: |
  1. Query CloudTrail for all S3 API calls by the userIdentity:arn on the requestParameters:bucketName in the 24 hours before and after the bucket logging was disabled to identify if this is part of a larger attack pattern
  2. Check if this user has modified bucket logging configurations in the past 90 days to determine if this is normal administrative activity
  3. Find other alerts with rule IDs AWS.S3.SuspendVersioning, AWS.S3.DisableMfaDelete, or AWS.S3.DeleteBucketEncryption for the same bucket in the past 7 days to detect coordinated security control disabling
Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/ServerLogs.html
SummaryAttributes:
  - sourceIpAddress
  - userAgent
  - recipientAccountId
  - p_any_aws_arns
Tests:
  - Name: Bucket Logging Disabled Successfully
    ExpectedResult: true
    Log:
      {
        "eventVersion": "1.11",
        "userIdentity":
          {
            "type": "AssumedRole",
            "principalId": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA:user_name",
            "arn": "arn:aws:sts::111111111111:assumed-role/sample-role-dreamy-yonath/sample-role-brave-yalow-role-intelligent-brahmagupta-role-beautiful-keldysh-role-happy-easley-role-bold-buck",
            "accountId": "111111111111",
            "accessKeyId": "ASIA-MOCKACCESSKEYID-1",
            "sessionContext":
              {
                "sessionIssuer":
                  {
                    "type": "Role",
                    "principalId": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA",
                    "arn": "arn:aws:iam::111111111111:role/sample-role-quirky-greider/sso.amazonaws.com/us-west-2/sample-role-dreamy-yonath",
                    "accountId": "111111111111",
                    "userName": "AdminRole",
                  },
                "attributes":
                  {
                    "creationDate": "2024-01-15T10:30:00Z",
                    "mfaAuthenticated": "false",
                  },
              },
          },
        "eventTime": "2024-01-15T10:45:23Z",
        "eventSource": "s3.amazonaws.com",
        "eventName": "PutBucketLogging",
        "awsRegion": "us-west-2",
        "sourceIPAddress": "1.2.3.4",
        "userAgent": "[Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/1.2.3.4 Safari/537.36]",
        "requestParameters":
          {
            "logging": "",
            "bucketName": "critical-data-bucket",
            "BucketLoggingStatus":
              {
                "xmlns": "http://s3.amazonaws.com/doc/2006-03-01/",
              },
            "Host": "sample-bucket-great-proskuriakova.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com",
          },
        "responseElements": null,
        "additionalEventData":
          {
            "SignatureVersion": "SigV4",
            "CipherSuite": "TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256",
            "bytesTransferredIn": 108,
            "AuthenticationMethod": "AuthHeader",
            "x-amz-id-2": "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ12345678901234567890==",
            "bytesTransferredOut": 0,
          },
        "requestID": "ABC123DEF456",
        "eventID": "12345678-1234-1234-1234-111111111111",
        "readOnly": false,
        "resources":
          [
            {
              "accountId": "111111111111",
              "type": "AWS::S3::Bucket",
              "ARN": "arn:aws:s3:::sample-bucket-great-proskuriakova",
            },
          ],
        "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
        "managementEvent": true,
        "recipientAccountId": "111111111111",
        "eventCategory": "Management",
        "tlsDetails":
          {
            "tlsVersion": "TLSv1.3",
            "cipherSuite": "TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256",
            "clientProvidedHostHeader": "sample-bucket-great-proskuriakova.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com",
          },
      }
  - Name: Bucket Logging Disabled - Failed
    ExpectedResult: false
    Log:
      {
        "eventVersion": "1.11",
        "userIdentity":
          {
            "type": "IAMUser",
            "principalId": "AIDAI23HXS4EXAMPLE",
            "arn": "arn:aws:iam::111111111111:user/testuser",
            "accountId": "111111111111",
            "accessKeyId": "AKIA-MOCKACCESSKEYID-1",
          },
        "eventTime": "2024-01-15T10:45:23Z",
        "eventSource": "s3.amazonaws.com",
        "eventName": "PutBucketLogging",
        "awsRegion": "us-west-2",
        "sourceIPAddress": "1.2.3.4",
        "userAgent": "[Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/1.2.3.4 Safari/537.36]",
        "errorCode": "AccessDenied",
        "errorMessage": "Access Denied",
        "requestParameters":
          {
            "logging": "",
            "bucketName": "critical-data-bucket",
            "BucketLoggingStatus":
              {
                "xmlns": "http://s3.amazonaws.com/doc/2006-03-01/",
              },
            "Host": "sample-bucket-great-proskuriakova.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com",
          },
        "responseElements": null,
        "requestID": "ABC123DEF456",
        "eventID": "12345678-1234-1234-1234-111111111111",
        "readOnly": false,
        "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
        "managementEvent": true,
        "recipientAccountId": "111111111111",
      }
  - Name: Bucket Logging Enabled
    ExpectedResult: false
    Log:
      {
        "eventVersion": "1.11",
        "userIdentity":
          {
            "type": "AssumedRole",
            "principalId": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA:user_name",
            "arn": "arn:aws:sts::111111111111:assumed-role/sample-role-dreamy-yonath/sample-role-brave-yalow-role-intelligent-brahmagupta-role-beautiful-keldysh-role-happy-easley-role-bold-buck",
            "accountId": "111111111111",
            "accessKeyId": "ASIA-MOCKACCESSKEYID-1",
          },
        "eventTime": "2024-01-15T10:45:23Z",
        "eventSource": "s3.amazonaws.com",
        "eventName": "PutBucketLogging",
        "awsRegion": "us-west-2",
        "sourceIPAddress": "1.2.3.4",
        "userAgent": "[Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/1.2.3.4 Safari/537.36]",
        "requestParameters":
          {
            "logging":
              [
                {
                  "targetBucket": "logging-bucket",
                  "targetPrefix": "logs/",
                },
              ],
            "bucketName": "critical-data-bucket",
            "BucketLoggingStatus":
              {
                "xmlns": "http://s3.amazonaws.com/doc/2006-03-01/",
                "LoggingEnabled":
                  {
                    "TargetBucket": "logging-bucket",
                    "TargetPrefix": "logs/",
                  },
              },
            "Host": "sample-bucket-great-proskuriakova.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com",
          },
        "responseElements": null,
        "requestID": "ABC123DEF456",
        "eventID": "12345678-1234-1234-1234-111111111111",
        "readOnly": false,
        "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
        "managementEvent": true,
        "recipientAccountId": "111111111111",
      }
  - Name: Logging Field Missing
    ExpectedResult: false
    Log:
      {
        "eventVersion": "1.11",
        "userIdentity":
          {
            "type": "AssumedRole",
            "principalId": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA:user_name",
            "arn": "arn:aws:sts::111111111111:assumed-role/AdminRole/user_name",
            "accountId": "111111111111",
            "accessKeyId": "ASIA-MOCKACCESSKEYID-1",
          },
        "eventTime": "2024-01-15T10:45:23Z",
        "eventSource": "s3.amazonaws.com",
        "eventName": "PutBucketLogging",
        "awsRegion": "us-west-2",
        "sourceIPAddress": "1.2.3.4",
        "userAgent": "aws-cli/2.13.0 Python/3.11.4 Linux/5.10.0-1234-aws exe/x86_64.ubuntu.22",
        "requestParameters":
          {
            "bucketName": "critical-data-bucket",
            "Host": "critical-data-bucket.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com",
          },
        "responseElements": null,
        "requestID": "ABC123DEF456",
        "eventID": "12345678-1234-1234-1234-111111111111",
        "readOnly": false,
        "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
        "managementEvent": true,
        "recipientAccountId": "111111111111",
      }

Detection logic

Condition

not (errorCode is_not_null or errorMessage is_not_null)
eventSource eq "s3.amazonaws.com"
eventName eq "PutBucketLogging"
requestParameters.logging eq ""

Exclusions

Top-level NOT(...) conjuncts: predicates this rule actively suppresses.

Field	Kind	Excluded values
`errorCode`	is_not_null	(no value, null check)
`errorMessage`	is_not_null	(no value, null check)

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`eventName`	eq	`PutBucketLogging`
`eventSource`	eq	`s3.amazonaws.com`

Output fields

Fields the rule emits when it matches. Chronicle authors list these in the outcome block; they appear on the detection and $risk_score drives alerting. Sentinel / Defender XDR rules build them up through project / summarize / extend stages. Sentinel maps these into alert fields via entityMappings and customDetails; Defender XDR custom detections surface them as alert fields directly.

Field	Source
`eventName`
`eventSource`
`awsRegion`
`recipientAccountId`
`sourceIPAddress`
`userAgent`
`userIdentity`
`actor_user`
`bucketName`	`requestParameters.bucketName`

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`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
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`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)