Ingress Port 22 Opened

Status: test
Severity: medium
Log source: product aws, service cloudtrail
Author: Zach Mathis (@yamatosecurity)
Source: github.com/Yamato-Security/suzaku-rules

Ingress port 22 was opened in a security group for an EC2 instance. This is a common tactic used by attackers to establish access into the environment via SSH for a variety of reasons (exfil, etc...).

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Persistence	No specific technique
Exfiltration	No specific technique

Event coverage

Provider	Event
AWS-ec2	AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress

Rules detecting the same action

Other rules on this platform that filter on the same API call or operation.

AWS EC2 Security Group Configuration Change (Elastic)
Ingress/Egress Security Group Modification (Sigma)
Insecure AWS EC2 VPC Security Group Ingress Rule Added (Elastic)

Rule body yaml

title: Ingress Port 22 Opened 
id: 372d79d1-73c5-48db-aa98-18b1a03fc9fc
status: test
description: |
    Ingress port 22 was opened in a security group for an EC2 instance.
    This is a common tactic used by attackers to establish access into the environment via SSH for a variety of reasons (exfil, etc...).
references:
    - https://stratus-red-team.cloud/attack-techniques/AWS/aws.exfiltration.ec2-security-group-open-port-22-ingress/
author: Zach Mathis (@yamatosecurity)
date: 2025-04-24
modified: 2025-04-24
tags:
    - attack.exfiltration
    - attack.persistence
logsource:
    product: aws
    service: cloudtrail
detection:
    selection:
        eventSource: 'ec2.amazonaws.com'
        eventName: 'AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress'
    selection_port_ranges:
        - requestParameters.fromPort: '22'
        - requestParameters.toPort: '22'
    condition: selection and selection_port_ranges
falsepositives:
level: medium

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

selection and selection_port_ranges

Stage 1: `selection`

selection:
    eventSource: 'ec2.amazonaws.com'
    eventName: 'AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress'

Stage 2: `selection_port_ranges`

selection_port_ranges:
    - requestParameters.fromPort: '22'
    - requestParameters.toPort: '22'

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`eventName`	eq	`AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress`
`eventSource`	eq	`ec2.amazonaws.com`
`requestParameters.fromPort`	eq	`22`
`requestParameters.toPort`	eq	`22`

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`type:`	`events` / `rules` / `providers`
`vendor:`	`sigma` / `elastic` / `splunk` / `kusto` / `chronicle` (vendor name alone also works: `sigma:`, `kql:`, `secops:`…)
`tactic:`	TA-id, slug, or name: `credential_access`, `TA0006`
`technique:`	technique or sub-technique ID: `T1003`, `T1003.001` (alias `tech:`)
`severity:`	`critical` / `high` / `medium` / `low` / `informational` (alias `sev:`)
`risk_score`	Numeric comparison on the Elastic risk score (0 to 100): `risk_score>50`, `risk_score<=20`, `risk_score=99` (alias `risk`; Elastic rules only)
`stages:`	Rules with exactly N pipeline stages
`correlation:`	`single_event` / `sequence` / `alternatives` / `alternatives_cross_log` / `all_required` / `correlated`
`with:`	Co-occurrence event-id; stacks (`with:4624 with:4769`) to require all, while a comma list in one occurrence (`with:4624,4769`) is an either-or group. Implies multi-event
`like:`	Structural neighbors of a rule slug (equivalents + subsumption stricter / broader): `like:comsvcs_lsass_memory_dump-splunk-sysmon`
`groupby:`	Entity-grouping substring match against `group_by_keys`: `groupby:user`, `groupby:host`
`uses:`	Rules whose predicate tree touches the field (any kind, any value): `uses:CommandLine`
`excludes:`	Rules with top-level `not()` clauses on the field (FP whitelists): `excludes:ParentImage`
`field:` / `value:`	Predicate search; narrows rule cards to those with a matching leaf and drives the indicator tier. Unquoted = substring, wildcards allowed (`value:mimikatz`)
`indicator:`	Shorthand for `field:F value:V`: `indicator:Image=*\powershell.exe`
`kind:`	Filter by predicate kind. Narrows rule cards to those carrying a matching predicate leaf (`vendor:elastic kind:cidr_match`) and drives the indicator tier: `contains` / `starts_with` / `ends_with` / `regex` / `cidr` / `eq` / `in` … (operator aliases `op:`/`match:`)
`has:` / `no:`	`sample`, `field`, `notes`, `refs`, `trace`, `thirdparty`, `rule`, `pattern`, `timewindow`, `threshold`, `newterms`, `sigma`/`elastic`/`splunk`/`kusto`/`chronicle`
`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
`field:"…"` / `value:"…"`	Quoted value = anchored exact match (also allows spaces): `value:"net user"`
`a,b`	Comma = OR inside one operator (`vendor:sigma,elastic`, `severity:high,critical`); repeating a facet merges the same way. `field:`/`value:` never split (literal commas)
`vendors:` / `stage:`	Singular and plural spellings fold to the canonical operator and value: `tactics:` = `tactic:`, `type:event` = `type:events`, `correlation:sequences` = `correlation:sequence`, `has:thresholds` = `has:threshold`
`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)

Ingress Port 22 Opened

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rules detecting the same action

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection`

Stage 2: `selection_port_ranges`

Indicators

Keyboard shortcuts

Search operators

Ingress Port 22 Opened

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rules detecting the same action

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: condition

Stage 1: selection

Stage 2: selection_port_ranges

Indicators

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection`

Stage 2: `selection_port_ranges`