Potential Exploitation of CVE-2025-5054 or CVE-2025-4598

Status: experimental
Severity: medium
Log source: product linux, category process_creation
Author: Milad Cheraghi
Source: github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma

Detects attempts of an attacker to enable core dumps for set-user-ID (SUID) processes by modifying the system file /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable, typically by setting its value to 1 or 2. Enabling this feature allows memory dumps (core dumps) of SUID processes, which usually run with elevated privileges. These dumps may contain sensitive information such as passwords, cryptographic keys or other secrets. CVE-2025-5054: Information leak via core dumps from SUID binaries using apport. CVE-2025-4598: Information disclosure in systemd-coredump due to insecure handling of SUID process memory dumps.

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Privilege Escalation	`T1548` Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism
Credential Access	`T1003` OS Credential Dumping

Event coverage

Provider	Event
Sysmon-for-Linux	Event ID 1

Rule body yaml

title: Potential Exploitation of CVE-2025-5054 or CVE-2025-4598
id: 33b3cfb1-574e-44b9-b527-fbf9303b9d7b
status: experimental
description: |
    Detects attempts of an attacker to enable core dumps for set-user-ID (SUID) processes by modifying the system file /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable, typically by setting its value to 1 or 2.
    Enabling this feature allows memory dumps (core dumps) of SUID processes, which usually run with elevated privileges.
    These dumps may contain sensitive information such as passwords, cryptographic keys or other secrets.
    CVE-2025-5054: Information leak via core dumps from SUID binaries using apport.
    CVE-2025-4598: Information disclosure in systemd-coredump due to insecure handling of SUID process memory dumps.
references:
    - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5054
    - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4598
    - https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2025/05/29/qualys-tru-discovers-two-local-information-disclosure-vulnerabilities-in-apport-and-systemd-coredump-cve-2025-5054-and-cve-2025-4598
author: Milad Cheraghi
date: 2026-04-28
tags:
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.credential-access
    - attack.t1548
    - attack.t1003
    - cve.2025-5054
    - cve.2025-4598
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    product: linux
    category: process_creation
detection:
    selection_suid_dumpable_sysctl:
        Image|endswith:
            - '/sbin/sysctl'
            - '/bin/sysctl'
        CommandLine|contains: 'fs.suid_dumpable='
    selection_echo_proc_write:
        Image|endswith:
            - '/bin/bash'
            - '/bin/sh'
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'echo 1 > /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
            - 'echo 2 > /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
            - 'echo 1 >/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
            - 'echo 2 >/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
            - 'echo 1> /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
            - 'echo 2> /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
            - 'echo 1>/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
            - 'echo 2>/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
    condition: 1 of selection_*
falsepositives:
    - System administrators enabling debugging temporarily
    - Legitimate crash diagnostic operations
level: medium

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

1 of selection_*

Stage 1: `selection_suid_dumpable_sysctl`

selection_suid_dumpable_sysctl:
    Image|endswith:
        - '/sbin/sysctl'
        - '/bin/sysctl'
    CommandLine|contains: 'fs.suid_dumpable='

Stage 2: `selection_echo_proc_write`

selection_echo_proc_write:
    Image|endswith:
        - '/bin/bash'
        - '/bin/sh'
    CommandLine|contains:
        - 'echo 1 > /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
        - 'echo 2 > /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
        - 'echo 1 >/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
        - 'echo 2 >/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
        - 'echo 1> /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
        - 'echo 2> /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
        - 'echo 1>/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'
        - 'echo 2>/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable'

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`CommandLine`	match	`echo 1 > /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable` `echo 1 >/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable` `echo 1> /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable` `echo 1>/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable` `echo 2 > /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable` `echo 2 >/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable` `echo 2> /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable` `echo 2>/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable` `fs.suid_dumpable=`
`Image`	ends_with	`/bin/bash` `/bin/sh` `/bin/sysctl` `/sbin/sysctl`

`j` / `k`	Scroll down / up
`d` / `u`	Half-page down / up
`gg` / `G`	Top / bottom
`h` / `l`	History back / forward
`f`	Follow link (`Shift` = new tab)
`/`	Focus search
`?`	Toggle this help
`↑` / `↓`	Navigate search results
`Enter`	Open highlighted result
`Esc`	Close results / dialog

`type:`	`events` / `rules` / `providers`
`vendor:`	`sigma` / `elastic` / `splunk` / `kusto` / `chronicle` (vendor name alone also works: `sigma:`, `kql:`, `secops:`…)
`tactic:`	TA-id, slug, or name: `credential_access`, `TA0006`
`technique:`	technique or sub-technique ID: `T1003`, `T1003.001` (alias `tech:`)
`severity:`	`critical` / `high` / `medium` / `low` / `informational` (alias `sev:`)
`risk_score`	Numeric comparison on the Elastic risk score (0 to 100): `risk_score>50`, `risk_score<=20`, `risk_score=99` (alias `risk`; Elastic rules only)
`stages:`	Rules with exactly N pipeline stages
`correlation:`	`single_event` / `sequence` / `alternatives` / `alternatives_cross_log` / `all_required` / `correlated`
`with:`	Co-occurrence event-id; stacks (`with:4624 with:4769`) to require all, while a comma list in one occurrence (`with:4624,4769`) is an either-or group. Implies multi-event
`like:`	Structural neighbors of a rule slug (equivalents + subsumption stricter / broader): `like:comsvcs_lsass_memory_dump-splunk-sysmon`
`groupby:`	Entity-grouping substring match against `group_by_keys`: `groupby:user`, `groupby:host`
`uses:`	Rules whose predicate tree touches the field (any kind, any value): `uses:CommandLine`
`excludes:`	Rules with top-level `not()` clauses on the field (FP whitelists): `excludes:ParentImage`
`field:` / `value:`	Predicate search; narrows rule cards to those with a matching leaf and drives the indicator tier. Unquoted = substring, wildcards allowed (`value:mimikatz`)
`indicator:`	Shorthand for `field:F value:V`: `indicator:Image=*\powershell.exe`
`kind:`	Filter by predicate kind. Narrows rule cards to those carrying a matching predicate leaf (`vendor:elastic kind:cidr_match`) and drives the indicator tier: `contains` / `starts_with` / `ends_with` / `regex` / `cidr` / `eq` / `in` … (operator aliases `op:`/`match:`)
`has:` / `no:`	`sample`, `field`, `notes`, `refs`, `trace`, `thirdparty`, `rule`, `pattern`, `timewindow`, `threshold`, `newterms`, `sigma`/`elastic`/`splunk`/`kusto`/`chronicle`
`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
`field:"…"` / `value:"…"`	Quoted value = anchored exact match (also allows spaces): `value:"net user"`
`a,b`	Comma = OR inside one operator (`vendor:sigma,elastic`, `severity:high,critical`); repeating a facet merges the same way. `field:`/`value:` never split (literal commas)
`vendors:` / `stage:`	Singular and plural spellings fold to the canonical operator and value: `tactics:` = `tactic:`, `type:event` = `type:events`, `correlation:sequences` = `correlation:sequence`, `has:thresholds` = `has:threshold`
`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)

Potential Exploitation of CVE-2025-5054 or CVE-2025-4598

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection_suid_dumpable_sysctl`

Stage 2: `selection_echo_proc_write`

Indicators

Keyboard shortcuts

Search operators

Potential Exploitation of CVE-2025-5054 or CVE-2025-4598

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: condition

Stage 1: selection_suid_dumpable_sysctl

Stage 2: selection_echo_proc_write

Indicators

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection_suid_dumpable_sysctl`

Stage 2: `selection_echo_proc_write`