Microsoft IIS Service Account Password Dumped

Status: test
Severity: high
Log source: product windows, category process_creation
Author: Tim Rauch, Janantha Marasinghe, Elastic (original idea)
Source: github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma

Detects the Internet Information Services (IIS) command-line tool, AppCmd, being used to list passwords

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Credential Access	`T1003` OS Credential Dumping

Event coverage

Provider	Event	Title
Sysmon	Event ID 1	Process creation

Rule body yaml

title: Microsoft IIS Service Account Password Dumped
id: 2d3cdeec-c0db-45b4-aa86-082f7eb75701
status: test
description: Detects the Internet Information Services (IIS) command-line tool, AppCmd, being used to list passwords
references:
    - https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/security/current/microsoft-iis-service-account-password-dumped.html
    - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1588815661085917186?cxt=HHwWhIDUyaDbzYwsAAAA
    - https://www.netspi.com/blog/technical/network-penetration-testing/decrypting-iis-passwords-to-break-out-of-the-dmz-part-2/
author: Tim Rauch, Janantha Marasinghe, Elastic (original idea)
date: 2022-11-08
modified: 2023-01-22
tags:
    - attack.credential-access
    - attack.t1003
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection_base_name:
        - Image|endswith: '\appcmd.exe'
        - OriginalFileName: 'appcmd.exe'
    selection_base_list:
        CommandLine|contains: 'list '
    selection_standalone:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - ' /config' # https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FgydDAJWIAEio34?format=png&name=900x900
            - ' /xml'
            # We cover the "-" version just in case :)
            - ' -config'
            - ' -xml'
    selection_cmd_flags:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - ' /@t' # Covers both "/@text:*" and "/@t:*"
            - ' /text'
            - ' /show'
            # We cover the "-" version just in case :)
            - ' -@t'
            - ' -text'
            - ' -show'
    selection_cmd_grep:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - ':\*'
            - 'password'
    condition: all of selection_base_* and (selection_standalone or all of selection_cmd_*)
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

all of selection_base_* and (selection_standalone or all of selection_cmd_*)

Stage 1: `selection_base_name`

selection_base_name:
    - Image|endswith: '\appcmd.exe'
    - OriginalFileName: 'appcmd.exe'

Stage 2: `selection_base_list`

selection_base_list:
    CommandLine|contains: 'list '

Stage 3: `selection_standalone`

selection_standalone:
    CommandLine|contains:
        - ' /config'
        - ' /xml'
        - ' -config'
        - ' -xml'

Stage 4: `selection_cmd_flags`

selection_cmd_flags:
    CommandLine|contains:
        - ' /@t'
        - ' /text'
        - ' /show'
        - ' -@t'
        - ' -text'
        - ' -show'

Stage 5: `selection_cmd_grep`

selection_cmd_grep:
    CommandLine|contains:
        - ':\*'
        - 'password'

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`CommandLine`	match	`-@t` `-config` `-show` `-text` `-xml` `/@t` `/config` `/show` `/text` `/xml` `:\*` `list` `password` corpus 4 (sigma 3, elastic 1)
`Image`	ends_with	`\appcmd.exe` corpus 6 (sigma 6)
`OriginalFileName`	eq	`appcmd.exe` corpus 7 (sigma 5, elastic 2)

`j` / `k`	Scroll down / up
`d` / `u`	Half-page down / up
`gg` / `G`	Top / bottom
`h` / `l`	History back / forward
`f`	Follow link (`Shift` = new tab)
`/`	Focus search
`?`	Toggle this help
`↑` / `↓`	Navigate search results
`Enter`	Open highlighted result
`Esc`	Close results / dialog

`type:`	`events` / `rules` / `providers`
`vendor:`	`sigma` / `elastic` / `splunk` / `kusto` / `chronicle` (vendor name alone also works: `sigma:`, `kql:`, `secops:`…)
`tactic:`	TA-id, slug, or name: `credential_access`, `TA0006`
`technique:`	technique or sub-technique ID: `T1003`, `T1003.001` (alias `tech:`)
`severity:`	`critical` / `high` / `medium` / `low` / `informational` (alias `sev:`)
`risk_score`	Numeric comparison on the Elastic risk score (0 to 100): `risk_score>50`, `risk_score<=20`, `risk_score=99` (alias `risk`; Elastic rules only)
`stages:`	Rules with exactly N pipeline stages
`correlation:`	`single_event` / `sequence` / `alternatives` / `alternatives_cross_log` / `all_required` / `correlated`
`with:`	Co-occurrence event-id; stacks (`with:4624 with:4769`) to require all, while a comma list in one occurrence (`with:4624,4769`) is an either-or group. Implies multi-event
`like:`	Structural neighbors of a rule slug (equivalents + subsumption stricter / broader): `like:comsvcs_lsass_memory_dump-splunk-sysmon`
`groupby:`	Entity-grouping substring match against `group_by_keys`: `groupby:user`, `groupby:host`
`uses:`	Rules whose predicate tree touches the field (any kind, any value): `uses:CommandLine`
`excludes:`	Rules with top-level `not()` clauses on the field (FP whitelists): `excludes:ParentImage`
`field:` / `value:`	Predicate search; narrows rule cards to those with a matching leaf and drives the indicator tier. Unquoted = substring, wildcards allowed (`value:mimikatz`)
`indicator:`	Shorthand for `field:F value:V`: `indicator:Image=*\powershell.exe`
`kind:`	Filter by predicate kind. Narrows rule cards to those carrying a matching predicate leaf (`vendor:elastic kind:cidr_match`) and drives the indicator tier: `contains` / `starts_with` / `ends_with` / `regex` / `cidr` / `eq` / `in` … (operator aliases `op:`/`match:`)
`has:` / `no:`	`sample`, `field`, `notes`, `refs`, `trace`, `thirdparty`, `rule`, `pattern`, `timewindow`, `threshold`, `newterms`, `sigma`/`elastic`/`splunk`/`kusto`/`chronicle`
`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
`field:"…"` / `value:"…"`	Quoted value = anchored exact match (also allows spaces): `value:"net user"`
`a,b`	Comma = OR inside one operator (`vendor:sigma,elastic`, `severity:high,critical`); repeating a facet merges the same way. `field:`/`value:` never split (literal commas)
`vendors:` / `stage:`	Singular and plural spellings fold to the canonical operator and value: `tactics:` = `tactic:`, `type:event` = `type:events`, `correlation:sequences` = `correlation:sequence`, `has:thresholds` = `has:threshold`
`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)

Microsoft IIS Service Account Password Dumped

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection_base_name`

Stage 2: `selection_base_list`

Stage 3: `selection_standalone`

Stage 4: `selection_cmd_flags`

Stage 5: `selection_cmd_grep`

Indicators

Keyboard shortcuts

Search operators

Microsoft IIS Service Account Password Dumped

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: condition

Stage 1: selection_base_name

Stage 2: selection_base_list

Stage 3: selection_standalone

Stage 4: selection_cmd_flags

Stage 5: selection_cmd_grep

Indicators

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection_base_name`

Stage 2: `selection_base_list`

Stage 3: `selection_standalone`

Stage 4: `selection_cmd_flags`

Stage 5: `selection_cmd_grep`