Potential Raspberry Robin Registry Set Internet Settings ZoneMap

Status: test
Severity: low
Log source: category registry_set, product windows
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel
Source: github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma

Detects registry modifications related to the proxy configuration of the system, potentially associated with the Raspberry Robin malware, as seen in campaigns running in Q1 2024. Raspberry Robin may alter proxy settings to circumvent security measures, ensuring unhindered connection with Command and Control servers for maintaining control over compromised systems if there are any proxy settings that are blocking connections.

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Persistence	`T1112` Modify Registry
Defense Impairment	`T1112` Modify Registry

Telemetry coverage

Provider	Record / event type
Sysmon	Event ID 13: RegistryEvent (Value Set)

Rule body

title: Potential Raspberry Robin Registry Set Internet Settings ZoneMap
id: 16a4c7b3-4681-49d0-8d58-3e9b796dcb43
status: test
description: |
    Detects registry modifications related to the proxy configuration of the system, potentially associated with the Raspberry Robin malware, as seen in campaigns running in Q1 2024.
    Raspberry Robin may alter proxy settings to circumvent security measures, ensuring unhindered connection with Command and Control servers for maintaining control over compromised systems if there are any proxy settings that are blocking connections.
references:
    - https://tria.ge/240225-jlylpafb24/behavioral1/analog?main_event=Registry&op=SetValueKeyInt
    - https://tria.ge/240307-1hlldsfe7t/behavioral2/analog?main_event=Registry&op=SetValueKeyInt
    - https://admx.help/?Category=Windows_10_2016&Policy=Microsoft.Policies.InternetExplorer::IZ_ProxyByPass
    - https://admx.help/?Category=Windows_10_2016&Policy=Microsoft.Policies.InternetExplorer::IZ_UNCAsIntranet
    - https://admx.help/?Category=Windows_10_2016&Policy=Microsoft.Policies.InternetExplorer::IZ_IncludeUnspecifiedLocalSites
    - https://admx.help/?Category=Windows_10_2016&Policy=Microsoft.Policies.InternetExplorer::SecurityPage_AutoDetect
    - https://bazaar.abuse.ch/browse/signature/RaspberryRobin/
author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel
date: 2024-07-31
tags:
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.defense-impairment
    - attack.t1112
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    category: registry_set
    product: windows
    definition: 'Requirements: The registry key "\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap\" and its sub keys must be monitored'
detection:
    selection_registry_image:
        - Image|contains:
              - '\AppData\Local\Temp\'
              - '\Downloads\'
              - '\Users\Public\'
              - '\Windows\Temp\'
        - Image|endswith: '\control.exe'
    selection_registry_object:
        TargetObject|contains: '\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap\'
    selection_value_enable:
        TargetObject|endswith:
            - '\IntranetName'
            - '\ProxyByPass'
            - '\UNCAsIntranet'
        Details|contains: 'DWORD (0x00000001)'
    selection_value_disable:
        TargetObject|endswith: '\AutoDetect'
        Details|contains: 'DWORD (0x00000000)'
    condition: all of selection_registry_* and 1 of selection_value_*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
# Note: can be upgraded to medium after an initial baseline
level: low

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

all of selection_registry_* and 1 of selection_value_*

Stage 1: `selection_registry_image`

selection_registry_image:
    - Image|contains:
          - '\AppData\Local\Temp\'
          - '\Downloads\'
          - '\Users\Public\'
          - '\Windows\Temp\'
    - Image|endswith: '\control.exe'

Stage 2: `selection_registry_object`

selection_registry_object:
    TargetObject|contains: '\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap\'

Stage 3: `selection_value_enable`

selection_value_enable:
    TargetObject|endswith:
        - '\IntranetName'
        - '\ProxyByPass'
        - '\UNCAsIntranet'
    Details|contains: 'DWORD (0x00000001)'

Stage 4: `selection_value_disable`

selection_value_disable:
    TargetObject|endswith: '\AutoDetect'
    Details|contains: 'DWORD (0x00000000)'

Indicators

These rows show field, operator, and value matches.

Field	Kind	Values	Search
`Details`	match	`DWORD (0x00000000)` corpus 2 (sigma 2) `DWORD (0x00000001)`	`field:"Details" kind:match`
`Image`	ends_with	`\control.exe` corpus 5 (sigma 5)	`field:"Image" kind:ends_with value:"\control.exe"`
`Image`	match	`\AppData\Local\Temp\` corpus 10 (sigma 10) `\Downloads\` corpus 10 (sigma 9, kusto 1) `\Users\Public\` corpus 9 (sigma 9) `\Windows\Temp\` corpus 7 (sigma 7)	`field:"Image" kind:match`
`TargetObject`	ends_with	`\AutoDetect` `\IntranetName` `\ProxyByPass` `\UNCAsIntranet`	`field:"TargetObject" kind:ends_with`
`TargetObject`	match	`\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap\`	`field:"TargetObject" kind:match value:"\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap\"`

Potential Raspberry Robin Registry Set Internet Settings ZoneMap

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Telemetry coverage

Rule body

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: condition

Stage 1: selection_registry_image

Stage 2: selection_registry_object