Potential Raspberry Robin Registry Set Internet Settings ZoneMap

Status: test
Severity: low
Log source: product windows, category registry_set
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel
Source: github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma

Detects registry modifications related to the proxy configuration of the system, potentially associated with the Raspberry Robin malware, as seen in campaigns running in Q1 2024. Raspberry Robin may alter proxy settings to circumvent security measures, ensuring unhindered connection with Command and Control servers for maintaining control over compromised systems if there are any proxy settings that are blocking connections.

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Persistence	`T1112` Modify Registry
Defense Impairment	`T1112` Modify Registry

Event coverage

Provider	Event	Title
Sysmon	Event ID 13	RegistryEvent (Value Set)

Rule body yaml

title: Potential Raspberry Robin Registry Set Internet Settings ZoneMap
id: 16a4c7b3-4681-49d0-8d58-3e9b796dcb43
status: test
description: |
    Detects registry modifications related to the proxy configuration of the system, potentially associated with the Raspberry Robin malware, as seen in campaigns running in Q1 2024.
    Raspberry Robin may alter proxy settings to circumvent security measures, ensuring unhindered connection with Command and Control servers for maintaining control over compromised systems if there are any proxy settings that are blocking connections.
references:
    - https://tria.ge/240225-jlylpafb24/behavioral1/analog?main_event=Registry&op=SetValueKeyInt
    - https://tria.ge/240307-1hlldsfe7t/behavioral2/analog?main_event=Registry&op=SetValueKeyInt
    - https://admx.help/?Category=Windows_10_2016&Policy=Microsoft.Policies.InternetExplorer::IZ_ProxyByPass
    - https://admx.help/?Category=Windows_10_2016&Policy=Microsoft.Policies.InternetExplorer::IZ_UNCAsIntranet
    - https://admx.help/?Category=Windows_10_2016&Policy=Microsoft.Policies.InternetExplorer::IZ_IncludeUnspecifiedLocalSites
    - https://admx.help/?Category=Windows_10_2016&Policy=Microsoft.Policies.InternetExplorer::SecurityPage_AutoDetect
    - https://bazaar.abuse.ch/browse/signature/RaspberryRobin/
author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel
date: 2024-07-31
tags:
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.defense-impairment
    - attack.t1112
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    category: registry_set
    product: windows
    definition: 'Requirements: The registry key "\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap\" and its sub keys must be monitored'
detection:
    selection_registry_image:
        - Image|contains:
              - '\AppData\Local\Temp\'
              - '\Downloads\'
              - '\Users\Public\'
              - '\Windows\Temp\'
        - Image|endswith: '\control.exe'
    selection_registry_object:
        TargetObject|contains: '\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap\'
    selection_value_enable:
        TargetObject|endswith:
            - '\IntranetName'
            - '\ProxyByPass'
            - '\UNCAsIntranet'
        Details|contains: 'DWORD (0x00000001)'
    selection_value_disable:
        TargetObject|endswith: '\AutoDetect'
        Details|contains: 'DWORD (0x00000000)'
    condition: all of selection_registry_* and 1 of selection_value_*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
# Note: can be upgraded to medium after an initial baseline
level: low

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

all of selection_registry_* and 1 of selection_value_*

Stage 1: `selection_registry_image`

selection_registry_image:
    - Image|contains:
          - '\AppData\Local\Temp\'
          - '\Downloads\'
          - '\Users\Public\'
          - '\Windows\Temp\'
    - Image|endswith: '\control.exe'

Stage 2: `selection_registry_object`

selection_registry_object:
    TargetObject|contains: '\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap\'

Stage 3: `selection_value_enable`

selection_value_enable:
    TargetObject|endswith:
        - '\IntranetName'
        - '\ProxyByPass'
        - '\UNCAsIntranet'
    Details|contains: 'DWORD (0x00000001)'

Stage 4: `selection_value_disable`

selection_value_disable:
    TargetObject|endswith: '\AutoDetect'
    Details|contains: 'DWORD (0x00000000)'

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`Details`	match	`DWORD (0x00000000)` corpus 2 (sigma 2) `DWORD (0x00000001)`
`Image`	ends_with	`\control.exe` corpus 5 (sigma 5)
`Image`	match	`\AppData\Local\Temp\` corpus 11 (sigma 11) `\Downloads\` corpus 10 (sigma 10) `\Users\Public\` corpus 10 (sigma 10) `\Windows\Temp\` corpus 8 (sigma 8)
`TargetObject`	ends_with	`\AutoDetect` `\IntranetName` `\ProxyByPass` `\UNCAsIntranet`
`TargetObject`	match	`\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap\`

`j` / `k`	Scroll down / up
`d` / `u`	Half-page down / up
`gg` / `G`	Top / bottom
`h` / `l`	History back / forward
`f`	Follow link (`Shift` = new tab)
`/`	Focus search
`?`	Toggle this help
`↑` / `↓`	Navigate search results
`Enter`	Open highlighted result
`Esc`	Close results / dialog

`type:`	`events` / `rules` / `providers`
`vendor:`	`sigma` / `elastic` / `splunk` / `kusto` / `chronicle` (vendor name alone also works: `sigma:`, `kql:`, `secops:`…)
`tactic:`	TA-id, slug, or name: `credential_access`, `TA0006`
`technique:`	technique or sub-technique ID: `T1003`, `T1003.001` (alias `tech:`)
`severity:`	`critical` / `high` / `medium` / `low` / `informational` (alias `sev:`)
`risk_score`	Numeric comparison on the Elastic risk score (0 to 100): `risk_score>50`, `risk_score<=20`, `risk_score=99` (alias `risk`; Elastic rules only)
`stages:`	Rules with exactly N pipeline stages
`correlation:`	`single_event` / `sequence` / `alternatives` / `alternatives_cross_log` / `all_required` / `correlated`
`with:`	Co-occurrence event-id; stacks (`with:4624 with:4769`) to require all, while a comma list in one occurrence (`with:4624,4769`) is an either-or group. Implies multi-event
`like:`	Structural neighbors of a rule slug (equivalents + subsumption stricter / broader): `like:comsvcs_lsass_memory_dump-splunk-sysmon`
`groupby:`	Entity-grouping substring match against `group_by_keys`: `groupby:user`, `groupby:host`
`uses:`	Rules whose predicate tree touches the field (any kind, any value): `uses:CommandLine`
`excludes:`	Rules with top-level `not()` clauses on the field (FP whitelists): `excludes:ParentImage`
`field:` / `value:`	Predicate search; narrows rule cards to those with a matching leaf and drives the indicator tier. Unquoted = substring, wildcards allowed (`value:mimikatz`)
`indicator:`	Shorthand for `field:F value:V`: `indicator:Image=*\powershell.exe`
`kind:`	Filter by predicate kind. Narrows rule cards to those carrying a matching predicate leaf (`vendor:elastic kind:cidr_match`) and drives the indicator tier: `contains` / `starts_with` / `ends_with` / `regex` / `cidr` / `eq` / `in` … (operator aliases `op:`/`match:`)
`has:` / `no:`	`sample`, `field`, `notes`, `refs`, `trace`, `thirdparty`, `rule`, `pattern`, `timewindow`, `threshold`, `newterms`, `sigma`/`elastic`/`splunk`/`kusto`/`chronicle`
`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
`field:"…"` / `value:"…"`	Quoted value = anchored exact match (also allows spaces): `value:"net user"`
`a,b`	Comma = OR inside one operator (`vendor:sigma,elastic`, `severity:high,critical`); repeating a facet merges the same way. `field:`/`value:` never split (literal commas)
`vendors:` / `stage:`	Singular and plural spellings fold to the canonical operator and value: `tactics:` = `tactic:`, `type:event` = `type:events`, `correlation:sequences` = `correlation:sequence`, `has:thresholds` = `has:threshold`
`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)

Potential Raspberry Robin Registry Set Internet Settings ZoneMap

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection_registry_image`

Stage 2: `selection_registry_object`

Stage 3: `selection_value_enable`

Stage 4: `selection_value_disable`

Indicators

Keyboard shortcuts

Search operators

Potential Raspberry Robin Registry Set Internet Settings ZoneMap

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: condition

Stage 1: selection_registry_image

Stage 2: selection_registry_object

Stage 3: selection_value_enable

Stage 4: selection_value_disable

Indicators

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection_registry_image`

Stage 2: `selection_registry_object`

Stage 3: `selection_value_enable`

Stage 4: `selection_value_disable`