Kerberos Manipulation

Status: test
Severity: high
Log source: product windows, service security
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
Source: github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma

Detects failed Kerberos TGT issue operation. This can be a sign of manipulations of TGT messages by an attacker.

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Credential Access	`T1212` Exploitation for Credential Access

Event coverage

Provider	Event	Title
Security-Auditing	Event ID 675	Pre-authentication failed (legacy Windows 2003 Kerberos event; superseded by 4771).
Security-Auditing	Event ID 4768	A Kerberos authentication ticket (TGT) was requested.
Security-Auditing	Event ID 4769	A Kerberos service ticket was requested.
Security-Auditing	Event ID 4771	Kerberos pre-authentication failed.

Rule body yaml

title: Kerberos Manipulation
id: f7644214-0eb0-4ace-9455-331ec4c09253
status: test
description: Detects failed Kerberos TGT issue operation. This can be a sign of manipulations of TGT messages by an attacker.
references:
    - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-10/security/threat-protection/auditing/event-4771
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2017-02-10
modified: 2024-01-16
tags:
    - attack.credential-access
    - attack.t1212
logsource:
    product: windows
    service: security
detection:
    selection:
        EventID:
            - 675
            - 4768
            - 4769
            - 4771
        Status:
            - '0x9'
            - '0xA'
            - '0xB'
            - '0xF'
            - '0x10'
            - '0x11'
            - '0x13'
            - '0x14'
            - '0x1A'
            - '0x1F'
            - '0x21'
            - '0x22'
            - '0x23'
            - '0x24'
            - '0x26'
            - '0x27'
            - '0x28'
            - '0x29'
            - '0x2C'
            - '0x2D'
            - '0x2E'
            - '0x2F'
            - '0x31'
            - '0x32'
            - '0x3E'
            - '0x3F'
            - '0x40'
            - '0x41'
            - '0x43'
            - '0x44'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Faulty legacy applications
level: high

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

selection

Stage 1: `selection`

selection:
    EventID:
        - 675
        - 4768
        - 4769
        - 4771
    Status:
        - '0x9'
        - '0xA'
        - '0xB'
        - '0xF'
        - '0x10'
        - '0x11'
        - '0x13'
        - '0x14'
        - '0x1A'
        - '0x1F'
        - '0x21'
        - '0x22'
        - '0x23'
        - '0x24'
        - '0x26'
        - '0x27'
        - '0x28'
        - '0x29'
        - '0x2C'
        - '0x2D'
        - '0x2E'
        - '0x2F'
        - '0x31'
        - '0x32'
        - '0x3E'
        - '0x3F'
        - '0x40'
        - '0x41'
        - '0x43'
        - '0x44'

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`Status`	eq	`0x10` `0x11` `0x13` `0x14` `0x1A` `0x1F` `0x21` `0x22` `0x23` `0x24` `0x26` `0x27` `0x28` `0x29` `0x2C` `0x2D` `0x2E` `0x2F` `0x31` `0x32` `0x3E` `0x3F` `0x40` `0x41` `0x43` `0x44` `0x9` `0xA` `0xB` `0xF`

`j` / `k`	Scroll down / up
`d` / `u`	Half-page down / up
`gg` / `G`	Top / bottom
`h` / `l`	History back / forward
`f`	Follow link (`Shift` = new tab)
`/`	Focus search
`?`	Toggle this help
`↑` / `↓`	Navigate search results
`Enter`	Open highlighted result
`Esc`	Close results / dialog

`type:`	`events` / `rules` / `providers`
`vendor:`	`sigma` / `elastic` / `splunk` / `kusto` / `chronicle` (vendor name alone also works: `sigma:`, `kql:`, `secops:`…)
`tactic:`	TA-id, slug, or name: `credential_access`, `TA0006`
`technique:`	technique or sub-technique ID: `T1003`, `T1003.001` (alias `tech:`)
`severity:`	`critical` / `high` / `medium` / `low` / `informational` (alias `sev:`)
`risk_score`	Numeric comparison on the Elastic risk score (0 to 100): `risk_score>50`, `risk_score<=20`, `risk_score=99` (alias `risk`; Elastic rules only)
`stages:`	Rules with exactly N pipeline stages
`correlation:`	`single_event` / `sequence` / `alternatives` / `alternatives_cross_log` / `all_required` / `correlated`
`with:`	Co-occurrence event-id; stacks (`with:4624 with:4769`) to require all, while a comma list in one occurrence (`with:4624,4769`) is an either-or group. Implies multi-event
`like:`	Structural neighbors of a rule slug (equivalents + subsumption stricter / broader): `like:comsvcs_lsass_memory_dump-splunk-sysmon`
`groupby:`	Entity-grouping substring match against `group_by_keys`: `groupby:user`, `groupby:host`
`uses:`	Rules whose predicate tree touches the field (any kind, any value): `uses:CommandLine`
`excludes:`	Rules with top-level `not()` clauses on the field (FP whitelists): `excludes:ParentImage`
`field:` / `value:`	Predicate search; narrows rule cards to those with a matching leaf and drives the indicator tier. Unquoted = substring, wildcards allowed (`value:mimikatz`)
`indicator:`	Shorthand for `field:F value:V`: `indicator:Image=*\powershell.exe`
`kind:`	Filter by predicate kind. Narrows rule cards to those carrying a matching predicate leaf (`vendor:elastic kind:cidr_match`) and drives the indicator tier: `contains` / `starts_with` / `ends_with` / `regex` / `cidr` / `eq` / `in` … (operator aliases `op:`/`match:`)
`has:` / `no:`	`sample`, `field`, `notes`, `refs`, `trace`, `thirdparty`, `rule`, `pattern`, `timewindow`, `threshold`, `newterms`, `sigma`/`elastic`/`splunk`/`kusto`/`chronicle`
`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
`field:"…"` / `value:"…"`	Quoted value = anchored exact match (also allows spaces): `value:"net user"`
`a,b`	Comma = OR inside one operator (`vendor:sigma,elastic`, `severity:high,critical`); repeating a facet merges the same way. `field:`/`value:` never split (literal commas)
`vendors:` / `stage:`	Singular and plural spellings fold to the canonical operator and value: `tactics:` = `tactic:`, `type:event` = `type:events`, `correlation:sequences` = `correlation:sequence`, `has:thresholds` = `has:threshold`
`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)

Kerberos Manipulation

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection`

Indicators

Keyboard shortcuts

Search operators

Kerberos Manipulation

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: condition

Stage 1: selection

Indicators

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection`