Windows Update Error

Status: stable
Severity: informational
Log source: product windows, service system
Author: frack113
Source: github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma

Detects Windows update errors including installation failures and connection issues. Defenders should observe this in case critical update KBs aren't installed.

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Tactic	Techniques
Resource Development	`T1584` Compromise Infrastructure

Event coverage

Provider	Event	Title
WindowsUpdateClient	Event ID 16	Unable to Connect: Windows is unable to connect to the automatic updates service and therefore cannot download and install updates according to the...
WindowsUpdateClient	Event ID 20	Installation Failure: Windows failed to install the following update with error errorCode: updateTitle.
WindowsUpdateClient	Event ID 24	Uninstallation Failure: Windows failed to uninstall the following update with error errorCode: updatelist.
WindowsUpdateClient	Event ID 213	Revert Failure: Windows failed to revert the following update with error errorCode: updatelist.
WindowsUpdateClient	Event ID 217	Commit Failure: Windows failed to commit the following update with error errorCode: updatelist.

Rule body yaml

title: Windows Update Error
id: 13cfeb75-9e33-4d04-b0f7-ab8faaa95a59
status: stable
description: |
    Detects Windows update errors including installation failures and connection issues. Defenders should observe this in case critical update KBs aren't installed.
references:
    - https://github.com/nasbench/EVTX-ETW-Resources/blob/f1b010ce0ee1b71e3024180de1a3e67f99701fe4/ETWProvidersManifests/Windows10/1903/W10_1903_Pro_20200714_18362.959/WEPExplorer/Microsoft-Windows-WindowsUpdateClient.xml
author: frack113
date: 2021-12-04
modified: 2023-09-07
tags:
    - attack.impact
    - attack.resource-development
    - attack.t1584
logsource:
    product: windows
    service: system
detection:
    selection:
        Provider_Name: Microsoft-Windows-WindowsUpdateClient
        EventID:
            - 16 # Unable to Connect: Windows is unable to connect to the automatic updates service and therefore cannot download and install updates according to the set schedule
            - 20 # Installation Failure: Windows failed to install the following update with error
            - 24 # Uninstallation Failure: Windows failed to uninstall the following update with error
            - 213 # Revert Failure: Windows failed to revert the following update with error
            - 217 # Commit Failure: Windows failed to commit the following update with error
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: informational

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

selection

Stage 1: `selection`

selection:
    Provider_Name: Microsoft-Windows-WindowsUpdateClient
    EventID:
        - 16
        - 20
        - 24
        - 213
        - 217

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

Field	Kind	Values
`Provider_Name`	eq	`Microsoft-Windows-WindowsUpdateClient`

`j` / `k`	Scroll down / up
`d` / `u`	Half-page down / up
`gg` / `G`	Top / bottom
`h` / `l`	History back / forward
`f`	Follow link (`Shift` = new tab)
`/`	Focus search
`?`	Toggle this help
`↑` / `↓`	Navigate search results
`Enter`	Open highlighted result
`Esc`	Close results / dialog

`type:`	`events` / `rules` / `providers`
`vendor:`	`sigma` / `elastic` / `splunk` / `kusto` / `chronicle` (vendor name alone also works: `sigma:`, `kql:`, `secops:`…)
`tactic:`	TA-id, slug, or name: `credential_access`, `TA0006`
`technique:`	technique or sub-technique ID: `T1003`, `T1003.001` (alias `tech:`)
`severity:`	`critical` / `high` / `medium` / `low` / `informational` (alias `sev:`)
`risk_score`	Numeric comparison on the Elastic risk score (0 to 100): `risk_score>50`, `risk_score<=20`, `risk_score=99` (alias `risk`; Elastic rules only)
`stages:`	Rules with exactly N pipeline stages
`correlation:`	`single_event` / `sequence` / `alternatives` / `alternatives_cross_log` / `all_required` / `correlated`
`with:`	Co-occurrence event-id; stacks (`with:4624 with:4769`) to require all, while a comma list in one occurrence (`with:4624,4769`) is an either-or group. Implies multi-event
`like:`	Structural neighbors of a rule slug (equivalents + subsumption stricter / broader): `like:comsvcs_lsass_memory_dump-splunk-sysmon`
`groupby:`	Entity-grouping substring match against `group_by_keys`: `groupby:user`, `groupby:host`
`uses:`	Rules whose predicate tree touches the field (any kind, any value): `uses:CommandLine`
`excludes:`	Rules with top-level `not()` clauses on the field (FP whitelists): `excludes:ParentImage`
`field:` / `value:`	Predicate search; narrows rule cards to those with a matching leaf and drives the indicator tier. Unquoted = substring, wildcards allowed (`value:mimikatz`)
`indicator:`	Shorthand for `field:F value:V`: `indicator:Image=*\powershell.exe`
`kind:`	Filter by predicate kind. Narrows rule cards to those carrying a matching predicate leaf (`vendor:elastic kind:cidr_match`) and drives the indicator tier: `contains` / `starts_with` / `ends_with` / `regex` / `cidr` / `eq` / `in` … (operator aliases `op:`/`match:`)
`has:` / `no:`	`sample`, `field`, `notes`, `refs`, `trace`, `thirdparty`, `rule`, `pattern`, `timewindow`, `threshold`, `newterms`, `sigma`/`elastic`/`splunk`/`kusto`/`chronicle`
`-op:val`	Exclude matches; works on most operators but not `type:`/`like:`/`has:`/`no:` (use `no:<flag>` to exclude a rule flag): `tactic:execution -vendor:splunk`. Standalone `-kind:`/`-field:`/`-value:` drop every rule carrying a matching predicate leaf (`type:rules -kind:is_null`)
`field:"…"` / `value:"…"`	Quoted value = anchored exact match (also allows spaces): `value:"net user"`
`a,b`	Comma = OR inside one operator (`vendor:sigma,elastic`, `severity:high,critical`); repeating a facet merges the same way. `field:`/`value:` never split (literal commas)
`vendors:` / `stage:`	Singular and plural spellings fold to the canonical operator and value: `tactics:` = `tactic:`, `type:event` = `type:events`, `correlation:sequences` = `correlation:sequence`, `has:thresholds` = `has:threshold`
`"quoted phrase"`	Exact-match a multi-word phrase (free text)

Windows Update Error

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection`

Indicators

Keyboard shortcuts

Search operators

Windows Update Error

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Event coverage

Rule body yaml

Stages and Predicates

Stage 0: condition

Stage 1: selection

Indicators

Stage 0: `condition`

Stage 1: `selection`