Detection rules › Splunk

AWS Multiple Failed MFA Requests For User

Status
production
Severity
low
Group by
_time, aws::awsRegion, aws::errorMessage, aws::recipientAccountId, signature, user, vendor_product
Author
Bhavin Patel
Source
github.com/splunk/security_content

The following analytic identifies multiple failed multi-factor authentication (MFA) requests to an AWS Console for a single user. It leverages AWS CloudTrail logs, specifically the additionalEventData field, to detect more than 10 failed MFA prompts within 5 minutes. This activity is significant as it may indicate an adversary attempting to bypass MFA by bombarding the user with repeated authentication requests. If confirmed malicious, this could lead to unauthorized access to the AWS environment, potentially compromising sensitive data and resources.

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

Rules detecting the same action

Other rules on this platform that filter on the same API call or operation.

Rule body splunk

name: AWS Multiple Failed MFA Requests For User
id: 1fece617-e614-4329-9e61-3ba228c0f353
version: 11
creation_date: '2022-10-03'
modification_date: '2026-05-13'
author: Bhavin Patel
status: production
type: Anomaly
description: The following analytic identifies multiple failed multi-factor authentication (MFA) requests to an AWS Console for a single user. It leverages AWS CloudTrail logs, specifically the `additionalEventData` field, to detect more than 10 failed MFA prompts within 5 minutes. This activity is significant as it may indicate an adversary attempting to bypass MFA by bombarding the user with repeated authentication requests. If confirmed malicious, this could lead to unauthorized access to the AWS environment, potentially compromising sensitive data and resources.
data_source:
    - AWS CloudTrail ConsoleLogin
search: |-
    `cloudtrail` eventName= ConsoleLogin "additionalEventData.MFAUsed"=Yes errorMessage="Failed authentication"
      | bucket span=5m _time
      | rename user_name as user
      | stats dc(_raw) as mfa_prompts min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime values(user_agent) as user_agent values(src) as src values(dest) as dest
        BY _time user signature
           vendor_account vendor_region vendor_product
           errorMessage
      | where mfa_prompts > 10
      | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
      | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`
      | `aws_multiple_failed_mfa_requests_for_user_filter`
how_to_implement: The Splunk AWS Add-on is required to utilize this data. The search requires AWS CloudTrail logs.
known_false_positives: Multiple Failed MFA requests may also be a sign of authentication or application issues. Filter as needed.
references:
    - https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1621/
    - https://aws.amazon.com/what-is/mfa/
drilldown_searches:
    - name: View the detection results for - "$user$"
      search: '%original_detection_search% | search  user = "$user$"'
      earliest_offset: $info_min_time$
      latest_offset: $info_max_time$
    - name: View risk events for the last 7 days for - "$user$"
      search: '| from datamodel Risk.All_Risk | search normalized_risk_object IN ("$user$") | stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime values(search_name) as "Search Name" values(risk_message) as "Risk Message" values(analyticstories) as "Analytic Stories" values(annotations._all) as "Annotations" values(annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_tactic) as "ATT&CK Tactics" by normalized_risk_object | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`'
      earliest_offset: 7d
      latest_offset: "0"
intermediate_findings:
    entities:
        - field: user
          type: user
          score: 20
          message: User $user$ is seen to have high number of MFA prompt failures within a short period of time.
threat_objects:
    - field: src
      type: ip_address
analytic_story:
    - AWS Identity and Access Management Account Takeover
asset_type: AWS Account
mitre_attack_id:
    - T1586.003
    - T1621
product:
    - Splunk Enterprise
    - Splunk Enterprise Security
    - Splunk Cloud
category: cloud
security_domain: threat
tests:
    - name: True Positive Test
      attack_data:
        - data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/attack_techniques/T1621/aws_failed_mfa/cloudtrail.json
          sourcetype: aws:cloudtrail
          source: aws_cloudtrail
      test_type: unit

Stages and Predicates

Stage 1: search

`cloudtrail` eventName= ConsoleLogin "additionalEventData.MFAUsed"=Yes errorMessage="Failed authentication"

Stage 2: bucket

| bucket span=5m _time

Stage 3: rename

| rename user_name as user

Stage 4: stats

| stats dc(_raw) as mfa_prompts min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime values(user_agent) as user_agent values(src) as src values(dest) as dest
    BY _time user signature
       vendor_account vendor_region vendor_product
       errorMessage

Stage 5: where

| where mfa_prompts > 10

Stage 6: search

| `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`

Stage 7: search

| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`

Stage 8: search

| `aws_multiple_failed_mfa_requests_for_user_filter`

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

FieldKindValues
"additionalEventData.MFAUsed"eq
  • Yes
errorMessageeq
  • "Failed authentication"
eventNameeq
  • ConsoleLogin
mfa_promptsgt
  • 10
sourcetypeeq
  • aws:cloudtrail