Cisco Privileged Account Creation with HTTP Command Execution

name: Cisco Privileged Account Creation with HTTP Command Execution
id: 2c9d4f5a-8b6e-4c7f-9d8e-1a2b3c4d5e6f
version: 4
creation_date: '2026-01-12'
modification_date: '2026-05-13'
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali, Splunk
status: production
type: Correlation
description: |
    This analytic correlates risk events between privileged account creation on Cisco IOS devices and HTTP requests to privileged execution paths such as `/level/15/exec/-/*`.
    APT actors have been observed creating privileged accounts and then running commands on routers via HTTP GET or POST requests that target privileged execution paths.
    These requests allow attackers to execute commands with the highest privilege level (15) on Cisco devices without requiring interactive SSH access.
    This correlation identifies when both "Cisco IOS Suspicious Privileged Account Creation" and "Privileged Command Execution via HTTP" Snort detections fire for the same network device.
    This behavior indicates an attacker leveraging the newly created account to execute commands remotely via HTTP.
data_source: []
search: |
    | tstats `security_content_summariesonly`
      min(_time) as firstTime
      max(_time) as lastTime
      sum(All_Risk.calculated_risk_score) as risk_score
      count(All_Risk.calculated_risk_score) as risk_event_count
    
      values(All_Risk.annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_tactic_id) as annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_tactic_id
      dc(All_Risk.annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_tactic_id) as mitre_tactic_id_count
    
      values(All_Risk.annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_technique_id) as annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_technique_id
      dc(All_Risk.annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_technique_id) as mitre_technique_id_count
    
      values(All_Risk.tag) as tag
      values(source) as source
      dc(source) as source_count
    
      values(contributing_events_search)
    
      values(All_Risk.threat_object)
    
      from datamodel=Risk.All_Risk where
    
      source IN (
        "*Cisco IOS Suspicious Privileged Account Creation*",
        "*Cisco Secure Firewall - Privileged Command Execution via HTTP*"
      )
      by All_Risk.normalized_risk_object
    | `drop_dm_object_name(All_Risk)`
    | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
    | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`
    | where source_count >= 2
    | `cisco_privileged_account_creation_with_http_command_execution_filter`
how_to_implement: |
    This correlation search requires that the following detections are enabled and generating risk events - "Cisco IOS Suspicious Privileged Account Creation" and "Cisco Secure Firewall - Privileged Command Execution via HTTP". These detections must be configured to generate risk on the same entity field (the network device IP). The search correlates risk events within a 24-hour time window. Ensure that both Cisco IOS logs (sourcetype "cisco:ios") and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense Intrusion Event logs are being ingested and that the underlying detections are properly configured.
known_false_positives: |
    No false positives have been identified yet.
references:
    - https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa25-239a
drilldown_searches:
    - name: View the detection results for - "$risk_object$"
      search: '%original_detection_search% | search  risk_object = "$risk_object$"'
      earliest_offset: $info_min_time$
      latest_offset: $info_max_time$
    - name: View risk events for the last 7 days for - "$risk_object$"
      search: '| from datamodel Risk.All_Risk | search normalized_risk_object IN ("$risk_object$") | stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime values(search_name) as "Search Name" values(risk_message) as "Risk Message" values(analyticstories) as "Analytic Stories" values(annotations._all) as "Annotations" values(annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_tactic) as "ATT&CK Tactics" by normalized_risk_object | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`'
      earliest_offset: 7d
      latest_offset: "0"
finding:
    title: Cisco Privileged Account Creation with HTTP Command Execution - $risk_object$
    entity:
        field: risk_object
        type: other
        score: 0
analytic_story:
    - Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense Analytics
    - Salt Typhoon
asset_type: Network
mitre_attack_id:
    - T1021.004
    - T1136
    - T1078
product:
    - Splunk Enterprise
    - Splunk Enterprise Security
    - Splunk Cloud
category: network
security_domain: network
tests:
    - name: True Positive Test
      attack_data:
        - data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/emerging_threats/SaltTyphoon/salttyphoon_correlation.log
          source: not_applicable
          sourcetype: stash
      test_type: unit